Prospecting model and deep mineralization predictions for the Lamasu-Saibo copper deposit based on combined geological and geophysical exploration information

Abstract

The discovery of the Lamasu-Saibo copper deposit in the western Tianshan region of Xinjiang, China, has filled a significant gap of large porphyry-skarn-type copper deposits in the region. This discovery holds great significance for prospecting and exploring efforts in the western Tianshan region. The spatial distribution of the Lamasu-Saibo copper deposit is controlled by fault zones and the intrusion of medium-acidic granitic rocks, and its formation is closely related to magmatic activity, making it a crucial prospecting indicator for mining areas. To identify the spatial distribution of ore-controlling fault zones and intermediate-acid granitic intrusive rocks, a combination of high-precision magnetic surveys and magnetotelluric (MT) soundings based on regional and geological characteristics were used. Both high-precision magnetic surveys and MT soundings indicated the presence of deep-seated, medium-acidic rocks within the mining area. At present, the Chagankol fault system and some east–west trending faults are believed to be the primary ore-controlling structures in this mining area. These structures serve as pathways for deep-seated magmas and ore-forming fluids, creating a favorable environment for mineralization. Analysis of the ore-forming model of this deposit with respect to its geological-geophysical characteristics served as the basis for a prospective model for porphyry-skarn-type copper deposits in the Lamasu-Saibo area. Based on this prospective model and existing drilling data, the spatial distribution of the main orebodies in the deep underground mining area was determined. In summary, this study identified three anomalous zones. Zones I and II, on the basis of available exploration results, located within 1000 m of the subsurface, exhibit promising prospects for mineral exploration, while Zone III also showed good exploration potential. These findings provide valuable guidance for future prospecting efforts in the Lamasu-Saibo copper deposit and serve as a reference for the exploration of porphyry-skarn-type copper deposits in the region.