Mechanistic Insight of Pharmacological Aspects of Violacein: Recent Trends and Advancements

Abstract

Since its discovery in the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum, violacein—a striking purple pigment—has garnered significant interest due to its promising applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Violacein exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiparasitic effects, yet its complete molecular mechanisms are still being elucidated. Its mechanisms of action likely involve complex interactions with cellular receptors, signaling pathways, and specific molecular targets. Given violacein's unique properties and bioactive intermediates, future research holds substantial potential to advance its clinical and industrial applications. Upcoming studies will focus on deepening our understanding of violacein's molecular interactions, conducting clinical trials, and refining drug delivery systems to maximize its therapeutic value. Additionally, obtaining regulatory approval, conducting rigorous safety assessments, and developing efficient biosynthetic methods remain essential steps for violacein's successful integration into food biotechnology and medical applications.