Genome assemblies and other genomic tools for understanding insect adaptation

IF 5.8 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Current opinion in insect science Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI:10.1016/j.cois.2025.101334

Sebastián Pita , José M Rico-Porras , Pedro Lorite , Pablo Mora

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Abstract

Insects, the most diverse group of animals, exhibit remarkable adaptability, playing both crucial and problematic roles in ecosystems. Recent advancements in genomic technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, have provided unprecedented insights into the genetic foundations of insect adaptation. This review explores key methodologies, including de novo and reference-guided genome assemblies, and highlights cutting-edge technologies like second- and third-generation sequencing and hybrid techniques. The article delves into the genetic mechanisms underlying insect adaptations, focusing on structural variants. Case studies, such as the Anopheles gambiae genome assembly and the genomic research on Drosophila melanogaster, demonstrate the practical applications of these technologies in understanding pesticide resistance, climate adaptation, and other evolutionary traits. This review underscores the transformative role of genomic tools in insect research, with significant implications for pest management, agriculture, and biodiversity conservation.

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基因组组装和其他用于了解昆虫适应的基因组工具。

昆虫是最多样化的动物群体，表现出非凡的适应性，在生态系统中扮演着至关重要和有问题的角色。基因组技术的最新进展，如高通量测序，为了解昆虫适应的遗传基础提供了前所未有的见解。这篇综述探讨了关键的方法，包括从头开始和参考引导基因组组装，并强调了像第二代和第三代测序和混合技术这样的前沿技术。本文深入研究了昆虫适应的遗传机制，重点是结构变异。冈比亚按蚊（Anopheles gambiae）基因组组装和黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）基因组研究等案例研究，展示了这些技术在了解农药抗性、气候适应和其他进化特征方面的实际应用。这篇综述强调了基因组工具在昆虫研究中的变革性作用，对害虫管理、农业和生物多样性保护具有重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current opinion in insect science BIOLOGYECOLOGYENTOMOLOGY-ECOLOGY

CiteScore

10.40

自引率

1.90%

发文量

113

期刊介绍： Current Opinion in Insect Science is a new systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up–to–date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of Insect Science. As this is such a broad discipline, we have determined themed sections each of which is reviewed once a year. The following 11 areas are covered by Current Opinion in Insect Science. -Ecology -Insect genomics -Global Change Biology -Molecular Physiology (Including Immunity) -Pests and Resistance -Parasites, Parasitoids and Biological Control -Behavioural Ecology -Development and Regulation -Social Insects -Neuroscience -Vectors and Medical and Veterinary Entomology There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field. Section Editors, who are major authorities in their area, are appointed by the Editors of the journal. They divide their section into a number of topics, ensuring that the field is comprehensively covered and that all issues of current importance are emphasized. Section Editors commission articles from leading scientists on each topic that they have selected and the commissioned authors write short review articles in which they present recent developments in their subject, emphasizing the aspects that, in their opinion, are most important. In addition, they provide short annotations to the papers that they consider to be most interesting from all those published in their topic over the previous year.