Methylation status of selected genes in non-small cell lung carcinoma - current knowledge and future perspectives.

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Neoplasma Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI:10.4149/neo_2024_240925N403

Adam Put, Katerina Smesny Trtkova, Jozef Skarda

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Abstract

DNA methylation is recognized as an early event in cancer initiation and progression. This review aimed to compare the methylation status of promoter regions in selected genes across different histological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and the rare but highly aggressive large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed database until August 17, 2024, using standardized keywords to identify reports on promoter methylation in NSCLC. Seventy-five studies were reviewed, focusing on the promoter methylation of key genes, such as APC, BRCA1, CDH1, CDH13, DAPK1, DLEC1, FHIT, GSTP1, hMLH1, MGMT, CDKN2A, RARβ, RASSF1, RUNX3, and TIMP3. These studies explored diagnostic, prognostic, epidemiological, and therapeutic aspects across NSCLC subtypes. Additionally, mutational profiles of TP53, RB1, KEAP1, and STK11 and expression patterns of ASCL1, DLL3, and NOTCH were analyzed. The findings suggest that LCNEC may serve as a biological bridge between non-small cell and small-cell lung carcinoma. Our analysis highlights that the methylation status of selected genes could enhance diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment strategies in patients with NSCLC, particularly those with LCNEC.

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非小细胞肺癌中选定基因的甲基化状态——目前的知识和未来的展望。

DNA甲基化被认为是癌症发生和发展的早期事件。本综述旨在比较非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）不同组织学亚型中选定基因启动子区域的甲基化状态，包括腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、大细胞癌和罕见但高度侵袭性的大细胞神经内分泌癌（LCNEC）。到2024年8月17日，我们在PubMed数据库中进行了全面的文献检索，使用标准化的关键词来识别NSCLC启动子甲基化的报告。本文综述了75项研究，重点关注APC、BRCA1、CDH1、CDH13、DAPK1、DLEC1、FHIT、GSTP1、hMLH1、MGMT、CDKN2A、RARβ、RASSF1、RUNX3和TIMP3等关键基因的启动子甲基化。这些研究探讨了NSCLC亚型的诊断、预后、流行病学和治疗方面的问题。此外，我们还分析了TP53、RB1、KEAP1和STK11的突变谱以及ASCL1、DLL3和NOTCH的表达模式。研究结果表明，LCNEC可能是非小细胞肺癌和小细胞肺癌之间的生物学桥梁。我们的分析强调，选定基因的甲基化状态可以提高非小细胞肺癌（尤其是LCNEC）患者的诊断、预后和个性化治疗策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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