Plasma Cell Neoplasms with Spreading in the Blood and Tissues: Extramedullary Myeloma Disease, a Rare Aggressive Form of Multiple Myeloma (First of Two Parts).

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.4084/MJHID.2025.005

Ugo Testa, Giuseppe Leone

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is a disease related to the proliferation of malignant plasma cells; in most patients, the disease is confined to the level of bone marrow. However, in a minority of patients, the malignant plasma cells are also localized outside the bone marrow, either at the level of peripheral blood (plasma cell leukemia) or at the level of soft tissues (extramedullary multiple myeloma). These two rare forms of aggressive MM (ultrahigh-risk (uHR) MM as MM leading to death within 24-36 months) are both associated with some molecular features and with a limited response to current treatments.

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浆细胞肿瘤在血液和组织中扩散：髓外骨髓瘤疾病，一种罕见的侵袭性多发性骨髓瘤（两部分之一）。

多发性骨髓瘤是一种与恶性浆细胞增殖有关的疾病；在大多数患者中，这种疾病局限于骨髓水平。然而，在少数患者中，恶性浆细胞也定位于骨髓外，或在外周血水平（浆细胞白血病）或在软组织水平（髓外多发性骨髓瘤）。这两种罕见的侵袭性MM （ultra -高风险MM，即在24-36个月内导致死亡的MM）都与一些分子特征相关，并且对当前治疗的反应有限。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Medicine-Hematology

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

6.20%

发文量

113

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Reciprocal interdependence between infectious and hematologic diseases (malignant and non-malignant) is well known. This relationship is particularly evident in Mediterranean countries. Parasitosis as Malaria, Leishmaniosis, B Hookworms, Teniasis, very common in the southeast Mediterranean area, infect about a billion people and manifest prevalently with anemia so that they are usually diagnosed mostly by experienced hematologist on blood or bone marrow smear. On the other hand, infections are also a significant problem in patients affected by hematological malignancies. The blood is the primary vector of HIV infection, which otherwise manifest with symptoms related to a reduction in T lymphocytes. In turn, infections can favor the insurgency of hematological malignancies. The causative relationship between Epstein-Barr virus infection, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis C virus, HIV and lymphoproliferative diseases is well known.