The effect of different solvents on the morphology and gas-sensitive properties of tungsten oxide nanoparticles

IF 2.5 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Applied Physics A Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI:10.1007/s00339-024-08218-8

Ke Zhang, Pengdang Zhu, Ruiyu Zhang

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Abstract

In this research, tungsten oxide nanocrystals with polymerized spherical, rod, and sheet structures were synthesized using a solvothermal method with WCl₆ as the tungsten source in three different solvent environments: ethanol, an ethanol/water mixture, and pure water. The size and morphology of the tungsten oxide nanocrystals were tuned in a cost-effective manner. Polymerized spherical tungsten oxide synthesized in ethanol consisted of nanorods with diameters of 6–10 nm; rod-shaped tungsten oxide with diameters of 150–260 nm was obtained in the ethanol/water mixture; and sheet-like tungsten oxide synthesized in pure water had dimensions of 50–100 nm × 40–200 nm. Gas sensitivity tests revealed that the synthesized materials were highly selective for acetone, with the polymerized spherical tungsten oxide showing a sensitivity as high as 25.4 at 100 ppm acetone concentration. This difference in gas-sensing properties is attributed to variations in the microstructure and crystal properties of tungsten oxide nanocrystals formed under different solvent conditions. This research provides a new perspective for the design and optimization of gas sensor materials, demonstrating that modulating the solvent type can optimize gas-sensitive performance, which is of significant research importance.

Graphical abstract

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不同溶剂对氧化钨纳米颗粒形貌及气敏性能的影响

在本研究中，以WCl₆为钨源，采用溶剂热法在乙醇、乙醇/水混合物和纯水三种不同的溶剂环境下合成了球状、棒状和片状结构的氧化钨纳米晶体。以低成本的方式调整了氧化钨纳米晶体的尺寸和形貌。在乙醇中合成了直径为6 ~ 10 nm的球形氧化钨聚合体；在乙醇/水混合物中得到直径为150 ~ 260 nm的棒状氧化钨；在纯水中合成的片状氧化钨尺寸为50 ~ 100nm × 40 ~ 200nm。气敏试验表明，合成的材料对丙酮具有很高的选择性，在100 ppm丙酮浓度下，聚合的球形氧化钨的灵敏度高达25.4。这种气敏性能的差异归因于在不同溶剂条件下形成的氧化钨纳米晶的微观结构和晶体性能的变化。本研究为气敏材料的设计和优化提供了一个新的视角，表明调节溶剂类型可以优化气敏性能，具有重要的研究意义。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Applied Physics A 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

7.40%

发文量

964

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Applied Physics A publishes experimental and theoretical investigations in applied physics as regular articles, rapid communications, and invited papers. The distinguished 30-member Board of Editors reflects the interdisciplinary approach of the journal and ensures the highest quality of peer review.