Exploring the impact of interferon-gamma single nucleotide polymorphisms on HTLV-1 infection: Unraveling genetic influences in viral pathogenesis.

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104614

Bilkisu Ahmed, Mansur Aliyu, Muhammad Ibrahim Getso, Jamilu Abubakar Bala, Ramat Jummai Ahmed, Auwal Idris Kabuga, Al-Muktar Yahuza Adamu, Aminu Abba Yusuf

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Abstract

Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) induces neoplastic adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and neurological HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) in approximately 3 %-5 % of infected individuals. The precise factors that facilitate disease manifestation are still unknown; interaction between the virus and the host's immune response is key. Cytokines regulates physiological activities and their dysregulation may initiate the pathogenesis of various malignant and infectious diseases. Genetic variations, particularly polymorphisms in gene regulatory regions, lead to varying cytokine production patterns. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a key cytokine in HTLV-1 infection, is a signature cytokine for T-helper 1 (Th1) cells that interferes with viral replication and enhances innate and adaptive immune responses during viral infections. The IFNG gene possesses several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), among which the + 874 A/T SNP has been widely studied for its functional role in HTLV-1 infection. The purpose of this review was to provide insight into the impact of IFNG SNPs on HTLV-1 Infection.

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探索干扰素- γ单核苷酸多态性对HTLV-1感染的影响：揭示病毒发病机制中的遗传影响。

人类嗜t淋巴病毒-1 （HTLV-1）在大约3%-5%的感染者中诱导肿瘤成人t细胞白血病/淋巴瘤（ATLL）和神经系统HTLV-1相关脊髓病（HAM）。促进疾病表现的确切因素尚不清楚；病毒和宿主免疫反应之间的相互作用是关键。细胞因子调节生理活动，其失调可能引发各种恶性和感染性疾病的发病机制。遗传变异，特别是基因调控区域的多态性，导致不同的细胞因子生产模式。干扰素γ (IFN-γ)是HTLV-1感染的关键细胞因子，是t -辅助性1 （Th1）细胞的标志性细胞因子，在病毒感染期间干扰病毒复制并增强先天和适应性免疫反应。IFNG基因具有多个单核苷酸多态性（SNP），其中+874A/T SNP因其在HTLV-1感染中的功能作用而被广泛研究。本综述的目的是深入了解IFNG snp对HTLV-1感染的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Critical reviews in oncology/hematology

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