The Use of Omics in Untangling the Effect of Lifestyle Factors in Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI:10.1002/dmrr.70026

Kai Liu, Georgia S. Clarke, Jessica A. Grieger

{"title":"The Use of Omics in Untangling the Effect of Lifestyle Factors in Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review","authors":"Kai Liu, Georgia S. Clarke, Jessica A. Grieger","doi":"10.1002/dmrr.70026","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>To synthesise the evidence from clinical trials and observational studies using omics techniques to investigate the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on metabolite profile in pregnancy, and in the prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases in October 2023 and updated in September 2024. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials (RCT) or non-RCTs in pregnant women with or without GDM, that measured diet and lifestyle factors, and which applied post-transcriptional omics approaches. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I for non-RCTs and ROB-2 tool for RCTs. The results of all studies are narratively synthesised.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Of 6293 studies identified, eight observational studies and three RCTs comprising 2639 pregnant women were included. Three studies reported on changes in diet-related metabolic phenotypes during pregnancy; however, the impact of certain foods on the metabolome and risk for GDM was less clear. Compared with women without GDM, women with GDM had a worse deterioration in metabolites, including saturated fatty acids, branched chain amino acids and purine degradation metabolites. There is limited evidence that conventional dietary treatment for GDM may modify the metabolome in women with GDM.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Metabolome profiles in pregnancy may be altered by certain dietary choices; however, it is inconclusive whether improved diet related metabolite profiles have a beneficial impact in the prevention or management of GDM. High quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better understand the role that maternal nutrition plays in modulating the maternal metabolome, not only for a healthy pregnancy but also for the prevention and management of GDM.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":11335,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725626/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dmrr.70026","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

To synthesise the evidence from clinical trials and observational studies using omics techniques to investigate the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on metabolite profile in pregnancy, and in the prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Materials and Methods

A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases in October 2023 and updated in September 2024. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials (RCT) or non-RCTs in pregnant women with or without GDM, that measured diet and lifestyle factors, and which applied post-transcriptional omics approaches. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I for non-RCTs and ROB-2 tool for RCTs. The results of all studies are narratively synthesised.

Results

Of 6293 studies identified, eight observational studies and three RCTs comprising 2639 pregnant women were included. Three studies reported on changes in diet-related metabolic phenotypes during pregnancy; however, the impact of certain foods on the metabolome and risk for GDM was less clear. Compared with women without GDM, women with GDM had a worse deterioration in metabolites, including saturated fatty acids, branched chain amino acids and purine degradation metabolites. There is limited evidence that conventional dietary treatment for GDM may modify the metabolome in women with GDM.

Conclusions

Metabolome profiles in pregnancy may be altered by certain dietary choices; however, it is inconclusive whether improved diet related metabolite profiles have a beneficial impact in the prevention or management of GDM. High quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better understand the role that maternal nutrition plays in modulating the maternal metabolome, not only for a healthy pregnancy but also for the prevention and management of GDM.

查看原文本刊更多论文

使用组学研究生活方式因素对妊娠和妊娠期糖尿病的影响：一项系统综述。

目的：利用组学技术综合临床试验和观察性研究的证据，探讨饮食和生活方式因素对妊娠期代谢物谱的影响，以及对妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）预防和管理的影响。材料和方法：系统检索PubMed、Ovid、CINAHL和Web of Science数据库，检索时间为2023年10月，更新时间为2024年9月。纳入标准是随机对照试验（RCT）或非随机对照试验，在有或没有GDM的孕妇中，测量饮食和生活方式因素，并应用转录后组学方法。对非随机对照试验使用robins - 1，对随机对照试验使用robins -2评估偏倚风险。所有研究的结果都以叙述的方式加以综合。结果：在确定的6293项研究中，包括8项观察性研究和3项随机对照试验，其中包括2639名孕妇。三项研究报告了妊娠期间饮食相关代谢表型的变化；然而，某些食物对代谢组和GDM风险的影响尚不清楚。与未患GDM的女性相比，GDM女性的代谢物恶化更严重，包括饱和脂肪酸、支链氨基酸和嘌呤降解代谢物。有有限的证据表明，GDM的传统饮食治疗可能会改变GDM女性的代谢组。结论：某些饮食选择可能改变妊娠期代谢组谱；然而，改善饮食相关代谢物谱是否对预防或管理GDM有有益影响尚不确定。需要进行更大样本量的高质量研究，以更好地了解产妇营养在调节产妇代谢组方面的作用，不仅是为了健康妊娠，也是为了预防和管理妊娠糖尿病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

17.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews is a premier endocrinology and metabolism journal esteemed by clinicians and researchers alike. Encompassing a wide spectrum of topics including diabetes, endocrinology, metabolism, and obesity, the journal eagerly accepts submissions ranging from clinical studies to basic and translational research, as well as reviews exploring historical progress, controversial issues, and prominent opinions in the field. Join us in advancing knowledge and understanding in the realm of diabetes and metabolism.