Advances in Analytical Methodologies for Detecting Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS): A Review.

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of analytical toxicology Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1093/jat/bkae098

Alex J Krotulski, Dani C Mata, Christina R Smith, Kaitlyn B Palmquist-Orlando, Celia Modell, Svante Vikingsson, Michael T Truver

{"title":"Advances in Analytical Methodologies for Detecting Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS): A Review.","authors":"Alex J Krotulski, Dani C Mata, Christina R Smith, Kaitlyn B Palmquist-Orlando, Celia Modell, Svante Vikingsson, Michael T Truver","doi":"10.1093/jat/bkae098","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) have historically been difficult compounds to analyze in forensic toxicology. The identification, detection and quantitation of these analytes and their metabolites has been difficult due to their rapid emergence, short life span and various potencies. Advancements in analytical instrumentation are fundamental to mitigating these NPS challenges by providing reliable identification and sensitivity. This review discusses the pros and cons of various analytical instruments that have played a pivotal role in NPS analysis. As analytical technology advanced, the ability to analyze for NPS became easier with high resolution mass spectrometry; however, traditional immunoassays are still beneficial for some NPS classes such as benzodiazepines. Over 200 articles from 2010-2023 were reviewed, and 180 were utilized for this review. Journal articles were categorized according to the technology used during analysis: immunoassay, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-low resolution, and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-high resolution to allow for quick references based on a laboratory's technologies. Journal articles were organized in table format to outline the authors, NPS drug classes, and instrumentation used, among other important information.</p>","PeriodicalId":14905,"journal":{"name":"Journal of analytical toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of analytical toxicology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkae098","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) have historically been difficult compounds to analyze in forensic toxicology. The identification, detection and quantitation of these analytes and their metabolites has been difficult due to their rapid emergence, short life span and various potencies. Advancements in analytical instrumentation are fundamental to mitigating these NPS challenges by providing reliable identification and sensitivity. This review discusses the pros and cons of various analytical instruments that have played a pivotal role in NPS analysis. As analytical technology advanced, the ability to analyze for NPS became easier with high resolution mass spectrometry; however, traditional immunoassays are still beneficial for some NPS classes such as benzodiazepines. Over 200 articles from 2010-2023 were reviewed, and 180 were utilized for this review. Journal articles were categorized according to the technology used during analysis: immunoassay, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-low resolution, and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-high resolution to allow for quick references based on a laboratory's technologies. Journal articles were organized in table format to outline the authors, NPS drug classes, and instrumentation used, among other important information.

查看原文本刊更多论文

新型精神活性物质（NPS）检测方法研究进展

新型精神活性物质（NPS）历来是法医毒理学分析的难点。这些分析物及其代谢物由于出现迅速、寿命短、效力多变，给鉴定、检测和定量带来了困难。分析仪器的进步是通过提供可靠的识别和灵敏度来减轻这些NPS挑战的基础。本文讨论了在NPS分析中发挥关键作用的各种分析仪器的优缺点。随着分析技术的进步，使用高分辨率质谱法分析NPS变得更加容易；然而，传统的免疫分析仍然有利于一些NPS类，如苯二氮卓类。2010-2023年共纳入文献200余篇，其中180篇用于本次综述。根据分析过程中使用的技术对期刊文章进行分类：免疫分析、气相色谱质谱、液相色谱质谱-低分辨率和液相色谱质谱-高分辨率，以允许基于实验室技术的快速参考。期刊文章以表格形式组织，以概述作者、NPS药物类别和使用的仪器，以及其他重要信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of analytical toxicology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Analytical Toxicology (JAT) is an international toxicology journal devoted to the timely dissemination of scientific communications concerning potentially toxic substances and drug identification, isolation, and quantitation. Since its inception in 1977, the Journal of Analytical Toxicology has striven to present state-of-the-art techniques used in toxicology labs. The peer-review process provided by the distinguished members of the Editorial Advisory Board ensures the high-quality and integrity of articles published in the Journal of Analytical Toxicology. Timely presentation of the latest toxicology developments is ensured through Technical Notes, Case Reports, and Letters to the Editor.