Causal Relationship Between Gluten-Free Diet and Autoimmune-Related Disease Risk: A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

International Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.7150/ijms.104928

Yi Peng, Chenxi Liu, Wei Liu, Runxin Gan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

While the gluten-free diet (GFD) is primarily used to treat celiac disease (CD), recent research suggests it may also offer benefits for autoimmune-related diseases (ARDs), though findings remain inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of a GFD against ARDs by Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. Utilizing data from over 500,000 samples from the UK Biobank and other publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS), MR analysis revealed a significant negative causal relationship between GFD and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (OR = 0.782, 95% CI = [0.727-0.841], p < 0.001). Mediation analysis identified immune cells such as CD14+ CD16+ monocyte absolute count (mediating 2.441% of the effect), CD14+ CD16+ monocyte percentage (2.346%), and CD20 on IgD+ CD38^dim B cells (3.119%) as potential mediators in the protective effect of GFD on RA. These findings suggest that GFD may help reduce RA risk by modulating specific immune cell populations. However, further research is necessary to clarify the exact mechanisms underlying these associations.

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无麸质饮食与自身免疫相关疾病风险之间的因果关系：一项全面的孟德尔随机研究。

虽然无麸质饮食（GFD）主要用于治疗乳糜泻（CD），但最近的研究表明，它也可能对自身免疫相关疾病（ARDs）有益，尽管研究结果仍不一致。本研究旨在通过孟德尔随机化（MR）分析探讨GFD对ARDs的潜在保护作用。利用来自UK Biobank和其他公开的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的50多万个样本的数据，MR分析显示GFD与类风湿关节炎（RA）风险之间存在显著的负相关关系（OR = 0.782, 95% CI = [0.727-0.841], p < 0.001）。介导分析发现免疫细胞如CD14+ CD16+单核细胞绝对计数（介导2.441%的作用）、CD14+ CD16+单核细胞百分比（2.346%）和CD20对IgD+ CD38^dim B细胞（3.119%）是GFD对RA保护作用的潜在介质。这些发现表明，GFD可能通过调节特定免疫细胞群来帮助降低类风湿关节炎的风险。然而，需要进一步的研究来阐明这些关联背后的确切机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Medical Sciences MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

185

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Original research papers, reviews, and short research communications in any medical related area can be submitted to the Journal on the understanding that the work has not been published previously in whole or part and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Manuscripts in basic science and clinical medicine are both considered. There is no restriction on the length of research papers and reviews, although authors are encouraged to be concise. Short research communication is limited to be under 2500 words.