The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Microparticles in Central Nervous System Disorders: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Potential.

IF 3.6 4区医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI:10.1007/s10571-024-01518-w

Soroush Najdaghi, Delaram Narimani Davani, Hamed Fouladseresht, Narges Ebrahimi, Mark J M Sullman, Marjan Moradi, Nahid Eskandari

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Microscopic, membranous vesicles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed to play a role in the mechanisms underlying central nervous system (CNS) diseases. EVs are secreted by a variety of cells, including myeloid, endothelial, microglial, oligodendroglial, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Body fluids such as plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contain microparticles (MPs). The detection of MPs in CSF may indicate genetic or environmental susceptibility to conditions such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. MPs of different origins can exhibit changes in specific biomarkers at various stages of the disease, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions. However, understanding the role and clinical applications of MPs is complicated by challenges such as their isolation and dual roles within the CNS. In this review, we discuss the history, characteristics, and roles of MPs in CNS diseases. We also provide practical insights for future research and highlight the challenges that obscure the therapeutic potential of MPs.

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细胞外囊泡和微粒在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用：机制、生物标志物和治疗潜力。

被称为细胞外囊泡（EVs）的微观膜性囊泡已被提出在中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的机制中发挥作用。ev由多种细胞分泌，包括髓细胞、内皮细胞、小胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和间充质干细胞（MSCs）。体液如血浆、尿液和脑脊液（CSF）含有微粒（MPs）。脑脊液中MPs的检测可能表明对精神分裂症、分裂情感性障碍和双相情感障碍等疾病的遗传或环境易感性。不同来源的MPs可以在疾病的不同阶段表现出特定生物标志物的变化，有助于诊断和监测神经系统疾病。然而，MPs的作用和临床应用由于它们在中枢神经系统中的孤立性和双重作用等挑战而变得复杂。在这篇综述中，我们讨论MPs的历史、特点和在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用。我们还为未来的研究提供了实用的见解，并强调了模糊MPs治疗潜力的挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 生物-神经科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

137

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology publishes original research concerned with the analysis of neuronal and brain function at the cellular and subcellular levels. The journal offers timely, peer-reviewed articles that describe anatomic, genetic, physiologic, pharmacologic, and biochemical approaches to the study of neuronal function and the analysis of elementary mechanisms. Studies are presented on isolated mammalian tissues and intact animals, with investigations aimed at the molecular mechanisms or neuronal responses at the level of single cells. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology also presents studies of the effects of neurons on other organ systems, such as analysis of the electrical or biochemical response to neurotransmitters or neurohormones on smooth muscle or gland cells.