ARTEMIS Observations of Lunar Crustal Field-Solar Wind Interaction and Impact on Reflected Plasma Under Weak Radial IMF

IF 2.6 2区 地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Terry Z. Liu, Vassilis Angelopoulos, Xin An, Hadi Madanian
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Abstract

Magnetic anomalies or crustal fields are frequently observed close to the lunar surface, yet their interaction with the ambient plasma is not fully understood. Utilizing data from the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) spacecraft, we perform case studies of such interactions under radial, weak interplanetary magnetic field. Our analysis shows that while the lunar crustal field direction did not directly affect the velocity and density of reflected ions, it locally increased their pitch angles, favoring growth of ultralow-frequency waves. Additionally, we find that while the solar wind ions were demagnetized, retaining a nearly constant velocity, the magnetized electrons acquired significant perpendicular drift velocity due to the crustal field, resulting in a Hall current. This current altered the field strength near the lunar surface. The calculated loss cone angles of electrons reflected by the near-surface field estimated from the Hall current are consistent with observations, suggesting that the crustal field was dominated by the Hall magnetic field. Our study advances our understanding of how lunar crustal fields interact with the solar wind and modify the nearby reflected plasma.

弱径向IMF下月球地壳场-太阳风相互作用及其对反射等离子体影响的ARTEMIS观测
在月球表面附近经常观察到磁异常或地壳场,但它们与周围等离子体的相互作用尚未完全了解。利用月球与太阳相互作用(ARTEMIS)航天器的加速、重联、湍流和电动力学数据,我们对径向、弱行星际磁场下的这种相互作用进行了案例研究。我们的分析表明,虽然月球地壳场方向对反射离子的速度和密度没有直接影响,但它在局部增加了它们的俯仰角,有利于超低频波的生长。此外,我们发现,当太阳风离子退磁时,保持近乎恒定的速度,磁化后的电子在地壳场的作用下获得了显著的垂直漂移速度,从而产生霍尔电流。这种电流改变了月球表面附近的磁场强度。由霍尔电流计算得到的电子被近地表场反射的损耗锥角与观测结果一致,表明地壳磁场主要由霍尔磁场控制。我们的研究促进了我们对月球地壳场如何与太阳风相互作用并改变附近反射等离子体的理解。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
35.70%
发文量
570
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