Implication of Toll-Like Receptors in growth and management of health and diseases: Special focus as a promising druggable target to Prostate Cancer.

Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are protein structures belonging to the pattern recognition receptors family. TLRs have the great potential that can directly recognize the specific molecular structures on the surface of pathogens, damaged senescent cells and apoptotic host cells. Available evidence suggests that TLRs have crucial roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis through control of the inflammatory and tissue repair responses during injury. TLRs are the player of first line of defense against different microbes and activate the signaling cascades which help to induce the immune system and inflammatory responses by affecting various signaling pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interferon regulatory factors, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). TLRs have been identified to be over-expressed in different types of cancers and play an important role in control of health and management of diseases. The current review provides updated knowledge on the implication of TLRs in growth and management of cancers including prostate cancer.