Vertical Structural Evolution of Ionospheric Holes Triggered by Rocket Launches Observed by the Sanya Incoherent Scatter Radar

IF 2.6 2区地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI:10.1029/2024JA033171

Linxuan Zhao, Feng Ding, Xinan Yue, Su Xu, Junyi Wang, Yihui Cai, Mingyuan Li, Ning Zhang, Xu Zhou, Yonghui Wang, Jianyong Li, Tian Mao, Qian Song, Bo Xiong, Xiaolin Li, Junhao Luo

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Abstract

This article presents observational results of the vertical structural evolution of ionospheric holes during two rocket launches. A combination of observations from the newly built Sanya incoherent scatter radar (SYISR) and Global Navigation Satellite System networks was employed. The vertical structural evolution of two rocket-induced ionospheric holes over the SYISR could be divided into three stages. Firstly, 10–11 min after launch, the holes initially appeared in the topside ionosphere. Then, the holes expanded rapidly toward higher and lower altitudes. At ∼30 min after launch, the holes extended to an altitudinal range of ∼200 km to over 700 km. The maximum depletion altitude was 425 km for the afternoon event and 283 km for the midnight event. Finally, the holes recovered slowly, with faster recovery at higher altitudes. Our work contributes to further understanding the vertical structural evolutionary mechanisms of the ionospheric holes and relevant ionospheric processes.

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