Immunosuppressive microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia: overview, therapeutic targets and corresponding strategies.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 HEMATOLOGY

Annals of Hematology Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI:10.1007/s00277-024-06117-9

Chenyu Zha, Xinyu Yang, Jun Yang, Yujie Zhang, Rui Huang

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Abstract

Similar to other malignancies, immune dysregulation is a key feature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), manifesting as suppressed anti-leukemia immune cells, immune evasion by leukemia blasts, and disease progression. Various immunosuppressive factors within the AML microenvironment contribute to the weakening of host immune responses and the efficacy of cellular immunotherapy. To address these challenges, strategies targeting immunosuppressive elements within the AML microenvironment aim to bolster host or adoptive immune effector cells, ultimately enhancing leukemia treatment. Additionally, the off-target effects of certain targeted drugs (venetoclax, sorafenib, ivosidenib, etc.) may also positively impact anti-AML immunity and immunotherapy. This review provides an overview of the immunosuppressive factors present in AML microenvironment and the strategies developed to rescue immune cells from immunosuppression. We also outline how targeted agents can alter the immune landscape in AML patients, and discuss the potential of targeted drugs to benefit host anti-leukemia immunity and immunotherapy for AML.

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急性髓性白血病的免疫抑制微环境：概述、治疗目标和相应策略。

与其他恶性肿瘤类似，免疫失调是急性髓性白血病（AML）的一个主要特征，表现为抗白血病免疫细胞受抑制、白血病细胞免疫逃避和疾病进展。急性髓性白血病微环境中的各种免疫抑制因素会削弱宿主免疫反应和细胞免疫疗法的疗效。为了应对这些挑战，针对急性髓细胞白血病微环境中免疫抑制因素的策略旨在增强宿主或收养免疫效应细胞，最终提高白血病的治疗效果。此外，某些靶向药物（venetoclax、索拉非尼、依维替尼等）的脱靶效应也可能对抗AML免疫和免疫疗法产生积极影响。本综述概述了存在于急性髓细胞性白血病微环境中的免疫抑制因素，以及从免疫抑制中挽救免疫细胞的策略。我们还概述了靶向药物如何改变急性髓细胞白血病患者的免疫环境，并讨论了靶向药物对宿主抗白血病免疫和急性髓细胞白血病免疫疗法的潜在益处。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annals of Hematology 医学-血液学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

2.90%

发文量

304

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Annals of Hematology covers the whole spectrum of clinical and experimental hematology, hemostaseology, blood transfusion, and related aspects of medical oncology, including diagnosis and treatment of leukemias, lymphatic neoplasias and solid tumors, and transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. Coverage includes general aspects of oncology, molecular biology and immunology as pertinent to problems of human blood disease. The journal is associated with the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology, and the Austrian Society for Hematology and Oncology.