The food and nutritional insecurity experienced by pregnant women living in shelters following the 2023 earthquakes in Turkiye

IF 4.2 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International journal of disaster risk reduction Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104987

Hüsna Kaya Kaçar , Ömer Furkan Kaçar , Tugba Kose , Amanda Avery

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Natural hazards may limit household access to food and water. Shelters and food aid were provided as emergency measures following the 2023 earthquakes (EQ) in Turkiye. Pregnancy is a nutritionally vulnerable time. This study investigated weight changes, experienced level of food insecurity and changes to dietary patterns in pregnant women displaced following the EQ.

A questionnaire was developed to collect demographic and anthropometric data. We used the USDA six-items questionnaire to determine level of household food security and food frequency questions validated to show changes to dietary patterns after disasters. Pregnant women living in shelters in eight affected districts were invited to take part 5–6 weeks post-EQ.

Data was collected from 49 women of mixed parity with mean gestational age 24.9(SD 5.14) weeks and 79.6 % in their 2nd trimester. A mean weight loss of 1.5(SD 2.65) kg (p < 0.001) was observed with 63.3 % mothers losing weight and 14.3 % weight-stable post-EQ. 71.4 % experienced severe food insecurity. Intake of animal proteins, dairy products, wholegrains, fruits and vegetable decreased post-EQ (p < 0.001). Intake of prepared CHOs, salt, sugar and fruit juice increased (p < 0.0001). Use of nutritional supplements including vitamin D, calcium, magnesium and zinc decreased (p < 0.0001). Women experienced more mental health disorders and greater fatigue post-EQ.

Our findings of combined food and nutritional insecurity, with increased risk of malnutrition, may have short and long-term adverse health outcomes for both the mother and infant. Better strategies are required following disasters to try and improve the nutritional intake of vulnerable population groups to reduce these risks.

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2023 年土耳其地震后居住在避难所的孕妇所经历的食物和营养不安全问题

自然灾害可能会限制家庭获得食物和水。2023 年土耳其地震（EQ）发生后，作为紧急措施提供了避难所和食品援助。孕期是营养脆弱期。本研究调查了因地震而流离失所的孕妇的体重变化、所经历的粮食不安全程度以及饮食模式的变化。我们使用美国农业部的六项调查问卷来确定家庭食品安全水平，并使用经过验证的食物频率问题来显示灾后饮食模式的变化。我们收集了 49 名孕妇的数据，她们的孕期平均为 24.9 周（标准差为 5.14 周），79.6% 的孕妇处于怀孕中期。观察发现，体重平均下降了 1.5（标准差 2.65）千克（p < 0.001），63.3% 的母亲体重下降，14.3% 的母亲在 EQ 后体重稳定。71.4%的母亲经历了严重的粮食不安全。EQ 后，动物蛋白、乳制品、全谷物、水果和蔬菜的摄入量减少（p < 0.001）。预制碳水化合物、盐、糖和果汁的摄入量则有所增加（p < 0.0001）。维生素 D、钙、镁和锌等营养补充剂的使用量减少（p < 0.0001）。我们的研究结果表明，食物和营养的双重不安全会增加营养不良的风险，可能会对母亲和婴儿的健康造成短期和长期的不利影响。灾后需要制定更好的策略，努力改善弱势群体的营养摄入，以降低这些风险。

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来源期刊

International journal of disaster risk reduction GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMETEOROLOGY-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

18.00%

发文量

688

审稿时长

79 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (IJDRR) is the journal for researchers, policymakers and practitioners across diverse disciplines: earth sciences and their implications; environmental sciences; engineering; urban studies; geography; and the social sciences. IJDRR publishes fundamental and applied research, critical reviews, policy papers and case studies with a particular focus on multi-disciplinary research that aims to reduce the impact of natural, technological, social and intentional disasters. IJDRR stimulates exchange of ideas and knowledge transfer on disaster research, mitigation, adaptation, prevention and risk reduction at all geographical scales: local, national and international. Key topics:- -multifaceted disaster and cascading disasters -the development of disaster risk reduction strategies and techniques -discussion and development of effective warning and educational systems for risk management at all levels -disasters associated with climate change -vulnerability analysis and vulnerability trends -emerging risks -resilience against disasters. The journal particularly encourages papers that approach risk from a multi-disciplinary perspective.