Kidney function mediates the effects of four per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

IF 6.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117395

Zhengqi Wei , Keke Wei , Ming Yang , Ming Ying , Ziyue Yin , Na Wang , Lei Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

PFAS pose a significant threat to cardiovascular health and increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, there is limited research evidence regarding the mechanisms by which PFAS affect the risk of ASCVD and the exposure-risk (E-R) relationship. The effect of kidney function in the relationship between PFAS and ASCVD risk has not been adequately validated.

Objective

This study aims to explore the mechanisms by which four PFAS (Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHS), and Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)) affect the risk of ASCVD and to verify and discuss the mediating effect of kidney function in this impact.

Methods

This study utilizes data from 14,607 participants in the NHANES 2005–2018 to conduct a cross-sectional study. Initially, Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and Restricted Cubic Splines models are used to assess the impact of four PFAS on ASCVD risk and the E-R relationship. Subsequently, the Weighted Quantile Sum regression (WQS) model is used to evaluate the relationship between mixed four PFAS exposure and ASCVD risk. Finally, Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) and causal mediation models are used to confirm and analyze whether the decline in kidney function mediates the impact of four PFAS on ASCVD risk.

Results

The results from GLM and WQS models indicate that both singular and mixed four PFAS exposures are associated with an increased risk of ASCVD. The E-R curves between four PFAS singular and mixed exposures and ASCVD risk are all characterized by nonlinearity. The results from DAG and causal mediation models clearly indicate that the decline in kidney function plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between four PFAS and ASCVD risk.

Conclusion

Exposure levels of four PFAS do not significantly increase the risk of ASCVD unless they reach a certain threshold, and the decline in kidney function exerts a significant mediating effect in the relationship between four PFAS exposure and ASCVD risk.

查看原文本刊更多论文

肾功能介导四种全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 对动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的影响

背景全氟辛烷磺酸对心血管健康构成重大威胁，会增加动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）的风险。然而，关于 PFAS 影响 ASCVD 风险的机制以及暴露-风险 (E-R) 关系的研究证据却很有限。本研究旨在探讨四种 PFAS（全氟辛酸 (PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS)、全氟己烷磺酸 (PFHS) 和全氟壬酸 (PFNA)）影响 ASCVD 风险的机制，并验证和讨论肾功能在这一影响中的中介作用。方法本研究利用 2005-2018 年 NHANES 中 14 607 名参与者的数据进行横断面研究。首先，使用广义线性模型（GLM）和限制立方样条模型评估四种 PFAS 对 ASCVD 风险的影响以及 E-R 关系。随后，使用加权量子和回归（WQS）模型评估四种 PFAS 混合暴露与心血管疾病风险之间的关系。最后，使用有向无环图（DAG）和因果中介模型来确认和分析肾功能的下降是否介导了四种 PFAS 对 ASCVD 风险的影响。结果GLM 和 WQS 模型的结果表明，单一和混合四种 PFAS 暴露与 ASCVD 风险的增加有关。四种 PFAS 单一暴露和混合暴露与 ASCVD 风险之间的 E-R 曲线都具有非线性特征。DAG 模型和因果中介模型的结果清楚地表明，肾功能下降在四种 PFAS 与 ASCVD 风险之间的关系中起着重要的中介作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

1234

审稿时长

88 days

期刊介绍： Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers three main themes. The topics within these themes, indicated below, include (but are not limited to) the following: Ecotoxicology、Environmental Chemistry、Environmental Safety etc.