Leveraging international stakeholders' experiences with oral PrEP costs to accelerate implementation of the monthly dapivirine vaginal ring: A qualitative study.

Abstract

Background: Costing and financing systematic implementation are recognized barriers to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention. In the absence of empiric implementation and economic data, perspectives from international stakeholders involved in developing and supporting daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) policy, and programs can provide critical insights for developing costed plans to support and accelerate the rollout of novel long-acting PrEP (LA-PrEP) methods, such as the monthly dapivirine vaginal ring (PrEP ring).

Methods: We interviewed stakeholders from purposively selected international organizations about anticipated PrEP-ring implementation costs, evidence gaps and key process steps for developing a costed rollout plan template (CRPT). We deductively analysed interviews.

Results: The 27 stakeholders (11 donors, 10 nongovernmental, 4 academic/research, 2 multilateral) identified 10 cost-related themes: 7 for planning and implementation and 3 for financing, costing and budgeting. Planning and implementation cost considerations included: (1) actionable target setting; (2) multilevel communication strategies for awareness-raising, demand creation, client-level adherence and choice counselling; (3) human resources, encompassing task shifting and integration into non-HIV services; (4) supply chain costs, including commodities, manufacturing diversification, packaging and forecasting; (5) laboratory infrastructure and monitoring; (6) updated health information systems and metrics to monitor and evaluate multiple methods integrated into HIV, non-HIV and de-medicalized delivery settings; and (7) technical assistance and knowledge management. Themes for financing, costing and budgeting comprised: (8) cost and budget analyses, such as cost-effectiveness; (9) economic evidence gaps on service integration; and (10) innovative or co-financing for sustainable and equitable allocation of limited financial resources to support accelerated PrEP-ring delivery. We organized these themes within the CRPT.

Conclusions: The CRPT could expedite planning and enhance the pace and scale of optimized, systematic and sustainable delivery of PrEP methods. Further research is needed to evaluate use cases of the CRPT.