Highly sensitive fiber vector magnetic field sensor based on an open-cavity Mach-Zehnder interferometer filled with magnetic fluid

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2024.116075

Guiyu Wang , Yao Wu , Xinhang Guan , Xuefeng Chen , Xiujuan Yu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this paper, we proposed and demonstrated a highly sensitive fiber vector magnetic field sensor utilizing an open-cavity Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) filled with magnetic fluid. The MZI sensor was fabricated using large-offset splicing technique to form an open cavity, facilitating the easy introduction of magnetic fluid samples into the open cavity. The MZI sensor was then encapsulated in a glass capillary containing diluted magnetic fluid. As the applied magnetic field varies, the refractive index of the magnetic fluid undergoes a corresponding change, subsequently inducing a shift in the transmission spectrum of the MZI. By monitoring the wavelength shift of the transmission spectrum, we can accurately detect the intensity of the magnetic field. The proposed sensor can achieve vector magnetic field measurement because of the axially asymmetric open-cavity MZI. The maximum sensitivity to magnetic field direction is 0.260 nm/°. Notably, the proposed sensor achieves an ultrahigh sensitivity, reaching an value of −17.306 nm/mT within the range of 4 mT to 7 mT. In addition, a temperature sensitivity of 2.236 nm/℃ is obtained within the temperature range of 30 ℃ to 65 ℃. Given its advantages, including high sensitivity, compact size and low cost, our MZI sensor holds immense potential for diverse applications in magnetic field measurement.

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基于充满磁性流体的开腔马赫-泽恩德干涉仪的高灵敏光纤矢量磁场传感器

在本文中，我们提出并演示了一种高灵敏度光纤矢量磁场传感器，该传感器采用了充满磁性流体的开放式腔马赫-泽恩德干涉仪（MZI）。马赫-泽恩德干涉仪传感器采用大偏移拼接技术制造，形成一个开放式空腔，便于将磁性流体样品引入开放式空腔。然后将 MZI 传感器封装在装有稀释磁性流体的玻璃毛细管中。随着外加磁场的变化，磁性流体的折射率也会发生相应的变化，从而导致 MZI 的透射光谱发生偏移。通过监测透射光谱的波长偏移，我们可以准确地检测磁场强度。由于采用了轴向不对称开腔 MZI，因此所提出的传感器可以实现矢量磁场测量。对磁场方向的最大灵敏度为 0.260 nm/°。值得注意的是，该传感器实现了超高灵敏度，在 4 mT 至 7 mT 范围内达到了 -17.306 nm/mT。此外，在 30 ℃ 至 65 ℃ 的温度范围内，温度灵敏度为 2.236 nm/℃。我们的 MZI 传感器具有灵敏度高、体积小、成本低等优点，因此在磁场测量的各种应用中具有巨大的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators A-physical 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

6.50%

发文量

630

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas: • Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results. • Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. • Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays. • Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers. Etc...