Ultra-fast photocatalytic degradation phenomena of methylene blue dye by CoFe2O4 decorated with rGO nanocomposites under visible light irradiation

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Diamond and Related Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI:10.1016/j.diamond.2024.111817

M. Tamilchezhiyan , A. Nishara Begum , M. Parthibavarman , S. Aravindan

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Abstract

Pollutant water discharged from industries makes serious threat to living beings like humans and animals. Hence, the quick action for cost-effective, eco-friendly, portable, thermally-chemically stable materials meets the high demand for clean water. In the present work, pristine CoFe₂O₄ and series of CoFe₂O₄/rGO (0 to 20 wt%) composite photocatalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The structural, morphological, optical a, porosity and elemental composition of the samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, UV, PL, BET and XPS analysis. XRD and TEM results suggest that CoFe₂O₄ has cubic stricture and spherical shaped morphology with sizes in the range of 20–30 nm, which is uniformly decorated on the rGO sheets surface. The band gap energy values for the rGO, CoFe₂O₄, and rGO-CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposite were determined to be 2.4 eV, 2.21 eV, and 2.02 eV, respectively. The 20 wt% rGO decorated CoFe2O4 showed high surface area (122 m²/g) and porous nature (12 nm) than compared with pristine CoFe2O4 (88 m²/g and 19 nm). Photoluminescence (PL) results evident the low recombination rate of electron- hole pairs in the nanocomposite samples having 20 wt% of rGO (RC20). The observed gain high efficiency as 96.43 % of cationic dye methylene blue (MB). Whereas the kinetics study revealed that pseudo first-order reaction kinetics to rate constants (K = 0.1675 min⁻¹ and R² is 0.96521). The reusability test of the catalyst reveals 92.06 % degradation after 7 consecutive cycles. Moreover, this review specifically discusses the effects of catalyst's dose, pH, and reaction time on MB removal. Changes are observed on before and after treatment are analyzed by using XRD and FTIR for their physico-chemical properties. Antimicrobial study is evaluated for E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. In this pathway of purifying polluted water removal mechanisms are also elaborated. Therefore, it is found that the incorporated rGO helps to improve the characteristic functionalities of CoFe₂O₄.

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在可见光照射下，CoFe2O4 与 rGO 纳米复合材料对亚甲基蓝染料的超快速光催化降解现象

工业排放的污染水对人类和动物等生物造成严重威胁。因此，为满足对洁净水的高需求，人们迅速行动起来，寻求经济高效、环保、便携、热化学稳定的材料。本研究采用水热法合成了原始 CoFe2O4 和一系列 CoFe2O4/rGO（0-20 wt%）复合光催化剂。通过 XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR、UV、PL、BET 和 XPS 分析了样品的结构、形态、光学a、孔隙率和元素组成。XRD 和 TEM 分析结果表明，CoFe2O4 具有立方体狭缝和球形形态，大小在 20-30 纳米之间，均匀地装饰在 rGO 片表面。经测定，rGO、CoFe2O4 和 rGO-CoFe2O4 纳米复合材料的带隙能值分别为 2.4 eV、2.21 eV 和 2.02 eV。与原始 CoFe2O4（88 m2/g 和 19 nm）相比，20 wt% rGO 修饰的 CoFe2O4 显示出高比表面积（122 m2/g）和多孔性（12 nm）。光致发光（PL）结果表明，在含有 20 wt% rGO（RC20）的纳米复合材料样品中，电子-空穴对的重组率很低。观察到阳离子染料亚甲基蓝（MB）的增益效率高达 96.43%。动力学研究表明，假一阶反应动力学的速率常数（K = 0.1675 min-1 和 R2 为 0.96521）。催化剂的可重复使用性测试表明，在连续 7 次循环后，降解率为 92.06%。此外，本综述还特别讨论了催化剂剂量、pH 值和反应时间对甲基溴去除的影响。使用 XRD 和傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了处理前后的物理化学性质变化。对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行了抗菌研究评估。此外，还阐述了净化污染水的去除机制。因此，研究发现，加入 rGO 有助于改善 CoFe2O4 的特征功能。

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来源期刊

Diamond and Related Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

14.60%

发文量

702

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： DRM is a leading international journal that publishes new fundamental and applied research on all forms of diamond, the integration of diamond with other advanced materials and development of technologies exploiting diamond. The synthesis, characterization and processing of single crystal diamond, polycrystalline films, nanodiamond powders and heterostructures with other advanced materials are encouraged topics for technical and review articles. In addition to diamond, the journal publishes manuscripts on the synthesis, characterization and application of other related materials including diamond-like carbons, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and boron and carbon nitrides. Articles are sought on the chemical functionalization of diamond and related materials as well as their use in electrochemistry, energy storage and conversion, chemical and biological sensing, imaging, thermal management, photonic and quantum applications, electron emission and electronic devices. The International Conference on Diamond and Carbon Materials has evolved into the largest and most well attended forum in the field of diamond, providing a forum to showcase the latest results in the science and technology of diamond and other carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and diamond-like carbon. Run annually in association with Diamond and Related Materials the conference provides junior and established researchers the opportunity to exchange the latest results ranging from fundamental physical and chemical concepts to applied research focusing on the next generation carbon-based devices.