Analysis of fast ice anomalies and their causes in 2023 in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

IF 6.4 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Advances in Climate Change Research Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.accre.2024.09.002

Jun-Hao Liu , Xin-Qing Li , Shao-Yin Wang , Zi-Xin Wei , Feng-Ming Hui , Xiao Cheng

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Abstract

In 2023, Antarctica experienced its lowest sea ice extent in the satellite era, with extreme polar events gaining widespread attention. Prydz Bay, where the Chinese Zhongshan Station is located, is the third largest embayment in Antarctica. Changes in sea ice, fast ice and polynyas directly affect local heat and mass exchanges between the ocean and atmosphere, as well as ecosystems and research activities. In 2023, substantial fast ice anomalies were observed in Prydz Bay: the extent of fast ice off Zhongshan Station (ZSFI) was anomalously low, while that within Barrier Bay (BaFI) was anomalously high. This study analysed the seasonal evolution and underlying main causes for the extreme conditions using ice charts, satellites and reanalysis data. From 2014 to 2022, the extent of ZSFI typically increased during the cold season, reaching a maximum of (9.41 ± 2.47) × 10³ km², whilst the Barrier Bay Polynya (BaP) persisted throughout this period. However, in 2023, ZSFI did not increase from June onwards, peaking at a maximum extent of only 5.49 × 10³ km², and the BaP closed in mid-winter, leading to the formation of extensive BaFI. Air temperature and wind speed continuously dropped in July, and these conditions persisted for approximately 1 month, leading to the closure of BaP. However, ZSFI did not expand further under these extreme meteorological conditions, indicating its independence from these factors. The limited expansion of ZSFI could be attributed to high ocean temperatures. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms driving extreme fast ice conditions.

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2023 年南极洲东部普里兹湾快速冰异常及其原因分析

2023 年，南极洲经历了卫星时代最低的海冰面积，极端极地事件受到广泛关注。中国中山站所在的普里兹湾是南极洲第三大海湾。海冰、快冰和多冰环的变化直接影响到当地海洋与大气之间的热量和质量交换，以及生态系统和研究活动。2023 年，在普里兹湾观测到大量快冰异常现象：中山站（ZSFI）外的快冰范围异常低，而大屏障湾（BaFI）内的快冰范围异常高。本研究利用冰图、卫星和再分析数据分析了极端条件的季节演变和潜在的主要原因。从 2014 年到 2022 年，ZSFI 的范围通常在寒冷季节增加，达到最大值 (9.41 ± 2.47) × 103 平方公里，而整个期间大堡礁湾多冰区（Barrier Bay Polynya，BaP）持续存在。然而，在 2023 年，从 6 月开始，ZSFI 没有增加，最大范围仅为 5.49 × 103 平方公里，而且拦海大坝在隆冬时节关闭，导致形成大面积的 BaFI。7 月份气温和风速持续下降，这种情况持续了约 1 个月，导致 BaP 关闭。然而，在这些极端气象条件下，ZSFI 没有进一步扩大，这表明它不受这些因素的影响。ZSFI 的有限扩展可能归因于海洋温度过高。总之，这项研究为了解极端快冰条件的驱动机制提供了宝贵的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in Climate Change Research Earth and Planetary Sciences-Atmospheric Science

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

4.10%

发文量

424

审稿时长

107 days

期刊介绍： Advances in Climate Change Research publishes scientific research and analyses on climate change and the interactions of climate change with society. This journal encompasses basic science and economic, social, and policy research, including studies on mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Advances in Climate Change Research attempts to promote research in climate change and provide an impetus for the application of research achievements in numerous aspects, such as socioeconomic sustainable development, responses to the adaptation and mitigation of climate change, diplomatic negotiations of climate and environment policies, and the protection and exploitation of natural resources.