Polyvinylidene fluoride binder removal through subcritical methanol for efficient liberation of cathode materials from lithium-ion batteries

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2024.11.026

Chenyu Chen, Yikai Min, Qin Wang, Qunxing Huang

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Abstract

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder removal is critical for the recovery of valuable metal materials during the treatment of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This study proposed a new PVDF removal method through subcritical methanol extraction. The optimal conditions and mechanism of the method for the liberation of cathode materials were explored, and the recovered cathode materials, aluminum foils (Al foils), and extracted binder were characterized. Experimental results on actual cathode sheets show that under the extraction temperature of 200 °C, after holding and stirring time for 10 min, the cathode materials were recovered in the form of powder with an exfoliation efficiency of 98.51 % from Al foil without any damage. The removal efficiency of PVDF reached 78.74 wt% while the crystal structure of LiMn₂O₄ remained intact. Compared with the new binder, the recovered PVDF (R-PVDF) has a similar glass transition temperature and melting point but presents a more intricate surface morphology, lower crystallinity, and higher proportion α-phase crystallin. The results indicate that R-PVDF has the potential to be reused as a new binder in LIBs. This study aims to provide a new efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the recycling of spent LIBs.

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通过亚临界甲醇去除聚偏氟乙烯粘合剂，从锂离子电池中高效释放正极材料

在处理废旧锂离子电池（LIB）过程中，去除聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）粘合剂对于回收有价值的金属材料至关重要。本研究提出了一种通过亚临界甲醇萃取去除 PVDF 的新方法。探讨了该方法释放正极材料的最佳条件和机理，并对回收的正极材料、铝箔（Al 箔）和提取的粘合剂进行了表征。对实际阴极片的实验结果表明，在萃取温度为 200 ℃ 的条件下，保温搅拌 10 分钟后，阴极材料以粉末形式从铝箔中回收，剥离效率为 98.51%，且无任何损伤。PVDF 的去除率达到 78.74 wt%，而锰酸锂的晶体结构保持完好。与新粘结剂相比，回收的 PVDF（R-PVDF）具有相似的玻璃化转变温度和熔点，但表面形貌更复杂，结晶度更低，α 相晶蛋白比例更高。研究结果表明，R-PVDF 有潜力作为一种新的粘合剂重新用于 LIB。这项研究旨在为废锂电池的回收利用提供一种新的高效、环保的解决方案。

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来源期刊

Waste management 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

15.60

自引率

6.20%

发文量

492

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Waste Management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid wastes,it covers the entire lifecycle of solid. wastes. Scope: Addresses solid wastes in both industrialized and economically developing countries Covers various types of solid wastes, including: Municipal (e.g., residential, institutional, commercial, light industrial) Agricultural Special (e.g., C and D, healthcare, household hazardous wastes, sewage sludge)