Aggregate Implications of Barriers to Female Entrepreneurship

IF 6.6 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Econometrica Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI:10.3982/ECTA20396

Gaurav Chiplunkar, Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg

引用次数: 0

Abstract

We develop a framework for quantifying barriers to labor force participation (LFP) and entrepreneurship faced by women in India. We find substantial barriers to LFP, and higher costs of expanding businesses through hiring workers for women entrepreneurs. However, there is one area where female entrepreneurs have an advantage: the hiring of female workers. We show that this is not driven by the sectoral composition of female employment. Consistent with this pattern, policies promoting female entrepreneurship can significantly increase female LFP even without explicitly targeting female LFP. Counterfactual simulations indicate that removing all excess barriers faced by women entrepreneurs would substantially increase the fraction of female-owned firms, female LFP, earnings, and generate substantial gains for the economy. These gains are due to higher LFP, higher real wages and profits, and reallocation: low productivity male-owned firms previously sheltered from female competition are replaced by higher productivity female-owned firms previously excluded from the economy.

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女性创业障碍的总体影响

我们建立了一个框架，用于量化印度妇女在劳动力参与（LFP）和创业方面面临的障碍。我们发现，女性创业者在劳动力参与方面面临巨大障碍，而且通过雇佣工人扩大企业规模的成本较高。然而，女性创业者在一个领域具有优势：雇佣女工。我们的研究表明，这并不是由女性就业的行业构成所决定的。与这一模式一致的是，促进女性创业的政策即使不明确针对女性全要素生产率，也能显著提高女性全要素生产率。反事实模拟表明，消除女性创业者面临的所有过多障碍将大幅提高女性所有企业的比例、女性全要素生产率和收入，并为经济带来巨大收益。这些收益归因于更高的全要素生产率、更高的实际工资和利润，以及重新分配：以前躲避女性竞争的低生产率男性所有企业被以前被排除在经济之外的高生产率女性所有企业所取代。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Econometrica 社会科学-数学跨学科应用

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Econometrica publishes original articles in all branches of economics - theoretical and empirical, abstract and applied, providing wide-ranging coverage across the subject area. It promotes studies that aim at the unification of the theoretical-quantitative and the empirical-quantitative approach to economic problems and that are penetrated by constructive and rigorous thinking. It explores a unique range of topics each year - from the frontier of theoretical developments in many new and important areas, to research on current and applied economic problems, to methodologically innovative, theoretical and applied studies in econometrics. Econometrica maintains a long tradition that submitted articles are refereed carefully and that detailed and thoughtful referee reports are provided to the author as an aid to scientific research, thus ensuring the high calibre of papers found in Econometrica. An international board of editors, together with the referees it has selected, has succeeded in substantially reducing editorial turnaround time, thereby encouraging submissions of the highest quality. We strongly encourage recent Ph. D. graduates to submit their work to Econometrica. Our policy is to take into account the fact that recent graduates are less experienced in the process of writing and submitting papers.