Use of 4% tetrasodium EDTA (KiteLock™) to prevent central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in pediatric hemodialysis patients.

Abstract

Background: Central venous catheter (CVC)-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are common in children receiving hemodialysis and cause significant morbidity and healthcare costs. Unlike standard locking solutions, 4% tetrasodium EDTA (KiteLock™) has antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. We aimed to study the safety and efficacy of 4% tetrasodium EDTA CVC locking in pediatric hemodialysis.

Methods: Single-center, before-and-after quality improvement study. We included all chronic hemodialysis patients (6 months-18 years) from 2016-2022 (before) to 2022-2024 (after). The standard CVC locking solution was changed from heparin (1000 units/mL) to 4% tetrasodium EDTA. We compared unit-level incidence of CRBSI, CVC replacement procedures (exchange or removal and reinsertion), laboratory results, alteplase use, and adverse events before and after 4% tetrasodium EDTA implementation.

Results: We included 22 pediatric chronic hemodialysis patients (median age 13.5 years, 50% female). CRBSI incidence was 0.89 infections per 1000 catheter-days (25,769 total catheter-days) before and 0.18 per 1000 catheter-days (5426 total catheter-days) after 4% tetrasodium EDTA (IRR 0.21, 95%CI 0.03-1.52). CVC replacement procedure incidence was 1.99 procedures per 1000 catheter-days (4027 total catheter-days) before and 1.29 per 1000 catheter-days (5426 total catheter-days) after 4% tetrasodium EDTA (IRR 0.65, 95%CI 0.24-1.79). There were no significant differences in hemodialysis treatment parameters, alteplase use (12% of treatments before vs. 18% after), or access complications (12% of treatments before vs. 15% after).

Conclusions: CVC locking with 4% tetrasodium EDTA was associated with sustained reductions in CRBSI and CVC replacement procedure incidence. Incorporation of 4% tetrasodium EDTA locking into standardized CVC care bundles may prolong vascular access survival.