Variations in HBA gene contribute to high-altitude hypoxia adaptation via affected O2 transfer in Tibetan sheep

IF 2.6 2区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Frontiers in Zoology Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1186/s12983-024-00551-1

Pengfei Zhao, Xiong Ma, Jianming Ren, Lan Zhang, Yunxin Min, Chunyang Li, Yaoyao Lu, Ying Ma, Mingjie Hou, Hui Jia

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tibetan sheep are indigenous to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Owing to the harsh hypoxic environment in this plateau, the hemoglobin (Hb) protein in Tibetan sheep has undergone adaptive changes over time. Hb is primarily responsible for transporting O2 and CO2 between the lungs and other tissues of the body. The α subunit of Hb, encoded by the HBA gene, is a crucial component of the protein. However, whether variations in the HBA gene sequence affect the adaptation of Tibetan sheep to high-altitude hypoxia remains unclear. In this study, we sequenced the HBA gene and identified three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNPs were genotyped in Tibetan and Hu sheep using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP). The results showed that the frequencies of the AT genotype and H1H2 haplotype were higher in Tibetan sheep than in Hu sheep. Individuals with the AT genotype exhibited higher P50 levels, whereas those with the H1H2 haplotype exhibited lower PO2 and SaO2 levels. The higher P50 levels indicated that O2 was more readily released from oxygenated Hb into the tissues, with the lower PO2 and SaO2 levels facilitating this process. These findings indicate that variations in the HBA gene sequence contribute to enhancing O2 transfer efficiency in Tibetan sheep.

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HBA基因的变异通过影响藏绵羊的氧气转移，促进了其对高海拔缺氧的适应性

藏羊原产于青藏高原。由于高原恶劣的缺氧环境，藏羊的血红蛋白（Hb）蛋白质随着时间的推移发生了适应性变化。血红蛋白主要负责在肺部和身体其他组织之间运输氧气和二氧化碳。由 HBA 基因编码的 Hb α 亚基是该蛋白的重要组成部分。然而，HBA基因序列的变异是否会影响藏羊对高海拔缺氧的适应仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对HBA基因进行了测序，并确定了三个单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）。利用竞争性等位基因特异性 PCR（KASP）技术对这些 SNPs 在藏羊和胡羊中进行了基因分型。结果显示，藏羊的 AT 基因型和 H1H2 单倍型频率高于胡羊。AT 基因型个体的 P50 水平较高，而 H1H2 单倍型个体的 PO2 和 SaO2 水平较低。较高的 P50 水平表明氧气更容易从含氧血红蛋白中释放到组织中，而较低的 PO2 和 SaO2 水平促进了这一过程。这些研究结果表明，HBA基因序列的变异有助于提高藏羊的氧气转移效率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Zoology ZOOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Zoology is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal publishing high quality research articles and reviews on all aspects of animal life. As a biological discipline, zoology has one of the longest histories. Today it occasionally appears as though, due to the rapid expansion of life sciences, zoology has been replaced by more or less independent sub-disciplines amongst which exchange is often sparse. However, the recent advance of molecular methodology into "classical" fields of biology, and the development of theories that can explain phenomena on different levels of organisation, has led to a re-integration of zoological disciplines promoting a broader than usual approach to zoological questions. Zoology has re-emerged as an integrative discipline encompassing the most diverse aspects of animal life, from the level of the gene to the level of the ecosystem. Frontiers in Zoology is the first open access journal focusing on zoology as a whole. It aims to represent and re-unite the various disciplines that look at animal life from different perspectives and at providing the basis for a comprehensive understanding of zoological phenomena on all levels of analysis. Frontiers in Zoology provides a unique opportunity to publish high quality research and reviews on zoological issues that will be internationally accessible to any reader at no cost. The journal was initiated and is supported by the Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, one of the largest national zoological societies with more than a century-long tradition in promoting high-level zoological research.