Actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento de dismenorrea

IF 0.9 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.semerg.2024.102331

G. Rubio Pérez , A. Quevedo Córdoba , L. Varela Silva , E. Álvarez Silvares

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Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain of uterine origin during menstruation. It's one of the most frequent symptoms in women of childbearing age and an important cause of school or work absenteeism as well as a frequent reason for scheduled or urgent consultation.

In the diagnosis, it's of great importance to take an adequate anamnesis that includes personal and gynecological-obstetric history, detailed description of the pain and chronology regarding the beginning of menstrual bleeding and previous treatments. Ultrasound is not routinely indicated and is the test of choice in those cases in which pelvic pathology is suspected as the cause of dysmenorrhea.

Both Paracetamol and NSAIDs have demonstrated superior efficacy in relieving pain compared to placebo. Hormonal treatment with either

combined hormonal contraceptives or progestin-only contraceptives is considered an effective treatment for primary and secondary dysmenorrhea.

The recent Organic Law 1/2023 provides for disabling dysmenorrhea to be covered by the temporary incapacity benefit through the creation of a new special type of this contingency «in order to reconcile the right to health with employment».

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[痛经诊断和治疗的最新进展]。

痛经是指月经期间子宫疼痛。痛经是育龄妇女最常见的症状之一，也是造成旷课或旷工的重要原因，同时也是预约或紧急就诊的常见原因。在诊断时，最重要的是充分了解病史，包括个人和妇产科病史、疼痛的详细描述、月经开始出血的时间顺序以及之前的治疗情况。超声波检查并非常规检查方法，但在怀疑盆腔病变是痛经原因的情况下，超声波检查是首选检查方法。扑热息痛和非甾体抗炎药在缓解疼痛方面的疗效优于安慰剂。使用联合荷尔蒙避孕药或纯孕激素避孕药进行荷尔蒙治疗被认为是治疗原发性和继发性痛经的有效方法。最近颁布的第 1/2023 号组织法规定，"为了协调健康权和就业权"，临时丧失工作能力补助金应包括致残性痛经，为此设立了一种新的特殊类型的应急措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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