Searching for high pathogenicity avian influenza virus in Antarctica

IF 20.5 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
Begoña Aguado, Lineke Begeman, Anne Günther, Matteo Iervolino, Florencia Soto, Ralph E. T. Vanstreels, Alice Reade, Adam Coerper, Ben Wallis, Antonio Alcamí, Meagan Dewar
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Abstract Image

在南极洲寻找高致病性禽流感病毒
目前,高致病性禽流感病毒(HPAIV)亚型 H5N1 2.3.4.4b 支系在全球泛滥,造成野生动物前所未有的死亡1。2022 年,该病毒造成南美洲海鸟和海洋哺乳动物大量死亡,引发了人们对高致病性禽流感病毒传播到南极洲的担忧。南极洲的野生动物因鸟类和哺乳动物繁殖地的大量繁殖而季节性密集,许多南极地点偏远且难以进入,这意味着高致病性禽流感可能会对其动物群造成巨大影响,而不会立即引起人们的注意。因此,该地区的监测工作至关重要。2023 年 10 月,南乔治亚岛首次报告在亚南极地区发现高致病性禽流感病毒。在随后的几个月中,高致病性禽流感造成大量海鸟(如贼鸥、海鸥和信天翁)和海洋哺乳动物(如象海豹和海狮)死亡2。最近对南乔治亚岛病毒序列的系统进化分析表明,病毒是从南美洲单一传入的2。早在 2023 年 11 月,南极洲就有野生动物死亡疑似与高致病性禽流感病毒有关的报道(参考文献 3)。南极洲首例高致病性禽流感确诊病例是 2024 年 1 月在阿根廷 Primavera 基地(南极半岛丹科海岸)附近发现的死亡鼬(Stercorarius sp.),并于 2024 年 2 月在西班牙 Gabriel de Castilla 站(南设得兰群岛欺骗岛)设立的分子诊断实验室进行了检测4。有了这个现场实验室,就可以在南极洲本身进行诊断,从而更快地得出结果,并避免在向南极洲以外的实验室运输过程中样本质量下降的风险。后来,在捷克约翰-格雷戈尔-孟德尔基地附近的死鼬身上也发现了 HPAIV5。发现感染高致病性禽流感病毒的零星或潜在病例表明,病毒已经到达南极洲。为此,我们启动了 "澳大利亚号"(Australis)探险队,在几个偏远地点调查高致病性禽流感病毒的传播和影响。
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来源期刊
Nature Microbiology
Nature Microbiology Immunology and Microbiology-Microbiology
CiteScore
44.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
226
期刊介绍: Nature Microbiology aims to cover a comprehensive range of topics related to microorganisms. This includes: Evolution: The journal is interested in exploring the evolutionary aspects of microorganisms. This may include research on their genetic diversity, adaptation, and speciation over time. Physiology and cell biology: Nature Microbiology seeks to understand the functions and characteristics of microorganisms at the cellular and physiological levels. This may involve studying their metabolism, growth patterns, and cellular processes. Interactions: The journal focuses on the interactions microorganisms have with each other, as well as their interactions with hosts or the environment. This encompasses investigations into microbial communities, symbiotic relationships, and microbial responses to different environments. Societal significance: Nature Microbiology recognizes the societal impact of microorganisms and welcomes studies that explore their practical applications. This may include research on microbial diseases, biotechnology, or environmental remediation. In summary, Nature Microbiology is interested in research related to the evolution, physiology and cell biology of microorganisms, their interactions, and their societal relevance.
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