Diagnostic uncertainty and management of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm-a case report and review of the literature.

Abstract

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) is a rare entity identified in ~1% of patients undergoing appendectomy. The presentation often varies, making diagnosis challenging. Timely identification and treatment are critical to prevent rupture, which may lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei. We describe the case of a 41-year-old male who presented for evaluation of acute right lower quadrant abdominal pain. The clinical impression was consistent with appendicitis with a clinical suspicion for underlying malignancy. The patient was brought to the operating room for an exploratory laparotomy and right hemicolectomy, revealing low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm. The diagnosis of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm can be challenging given the variable presentation and imaging findings. Early recognition and treatment are imperative to prevent progression to pseudomyxoma peritonei. Our case report seeks to contribute to the ongoing literature and provide a review of the current knowledge.