Infant diet quality index predicts nutrients of concern and ultra-processed food intake in low-income children in the United States

IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104483

Alana M Chaney , Charles D Arnold , Edward A Frongillo , Lorrene D Ritchie , Euridice M Steele , Lauren E Au

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Abstract

Background

Diet quality during infancy can influence nutrient intake and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption throughout later childhood.

Objectives

This study investigated the predictive validity of Infant Diet Quality Index (IDQI) scores from 0 to 1 y of age and consumption of select nutrients and UPFs at different time points in low-income children aged 2–5 y.

Methods

Dietary surveys and 24-h dietary recalls collected between ages 0 and 12 months from 2613 Special Supplemental Women, Infants, and Children Infant Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 participants were used to assess infant diet quality by final IDQI score ranging from 0 (nonadherence to dietary guidelines) to 1 (complete adherence to guidelines). Single 24-h recalls collected across multiple time points per child aged between 2 and 5 y were used to determine nutrient intakes: vitamin B12 (μg), vitamin D (μg), calcium (mg), iron (mg), zinc (mg), potassium (mg), saturated fat (g), dietary fiber (g), and added sugars (g). Likewise, Nova was used to classify foods (to estimate the percentage of energy from foods) by level of industrial processing at each point in time across ages 2–5 y. Survey-weighted regression analyses estimated associations between total IDQI score and nutrient intake and percentage of energy consumption from each Nova food group at each age between 2–5 y.

Results

IDQI scores based on diet quality from 0–1 y of age were positively associated with children’s dietary fiber and potassium intake at ages 2–5 y. Additionally, IDQI was negatively associated with added sugar intake. No associations were observed between IDQI and saturated fat consumption. IDQI scores at age 1 were positively associated with the percentage of energy attributed to unprocessed/minimally processed foods (20%–23%) and negatively associated with UPF consumption at ages 2–5 y (−24% to −29%).

Conclusions

IDQI predicts intake of select nutrients and UPF consumption among low-income US children aged 2–5 y.

This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02031978 as “Feeding My Baby – A National WIC Study,” NCT02031978.

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婴儿膳食质量指数可预测美国低收入儿童的关注营养素和超加工食品摄入量

背景婴儿期的膳食质量会影响整个儿童期的营养素摄入量和超加工食品（UPFs）消费量。本研究调查了2-5岁低收入儿童0-1岁时的婴儿膳食质量指数（IDQI）得分以及不同时间点的特定营养素和UPFs消费量的预测有效性。方法通过对2613名 "特殊补充营养妇女、婴儿和儿童婴幼儿喂养实践研究-2 "的参与者进行0至12个月的膳食调查和24小时膳食回顾来评估婴儿的膳食质量，IDQI的最终得分从0分（不遵守膳食指南）到1分（完全遵守指南）不等。在多个时间点收集的每个 2-5 岁儿童的 24 小时单次回忆数据用于确定营养素摄入量：维生素 B12（微克）、维生素 D（微克）、钙（毫克）、铁（毫克）、锌（毫克）、钾（毫克）、饱和脂肪（克）、膳食纤维（克）和添加糖（克）。调查加权回归分析估算了2-5岁各年龄段IDQI总分与营养素摄入量和来自Nova各食物组的能量消耗百分比之间的关系。结果基于0-1岁膳食质量的IDQI得分与2-5岁儿童的膳食纤维和钾摄入量呈正相关。在 IDQI 与饱和脂肪摄入量之间没有发现任何关联。1岁时的IDQI得分与未加工/微加工食品的能量百分比呈正相关（20%-23%），与2-5岁时的UPF消耗量呈负相关（-24%-29%）。结论IDQI可预测2-5岁美国低收入儿童的特定营养素摄入量和UPF消耗量。本试验在https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02031978，注册名为 "Feeding My Baby - A National WIC Study"，NCT02031978。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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