Effects of germination and gamma irradiation on physico-chemical and cooking qualities of red Ahu rice landrace

Abstract

The rice quality is influenced by various post-harvest treatments, including germination and gamma irradiation. The study investigates the combined effects of germination and gamma irradiation on the physico-chemical and cooking qualities of Ahu, a red rice landrace. The samples were subjected to germination for 0, 24, 48 and 72 h and subsequently irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 kGy. Post-treatment, samples were analyzed for proximate and mineral composition. Cooking quality parameters including cooking time, water absorption, and texture were also assessed. At a radiation dose of 2 kGy, both protein and carbohydrate content increased; however, they declined at higher doses. The ash content depicted a reduction with increased doses of radiation. Micronutrient composition remained largely unaffected by the irradiation process. Gamma irradiation also influenced cooking quality: water uptake ratio increased, while the optimum cooking time decreased at higher doses. Additionally, an upsurge of amylose content was demonstrated with increasing radiation levels, resulting in softer cooked rice. Thus, it can be attributed that dual processing of rice can effectively modify starch properties, rendering it a viable method for enhancing the textural and functional qualities.