Exploring experimental tests concerning liquid hydrogen releases

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.014

Federica Tamburini , Martin Kluge , Abdel Karim Habib , Federico Ustolin , Valerio Cozzani , Nicola Paltrinieri

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In recent years, the adoption of liquid hydrogen (LH₂) has increased significantly in industrial and transport applications, driven by its low carbon footprint, thereby aiding the fight against global warming. Additionally, its high volumetric energy density, compared to gaseous or compressed hydrogen, enhances hydrogen storage capabilities. However, safety remains a major concern due to its physical-chemical properties and inherent hazardous characteristics, especially in the event of spillage scenarios. Therefore, to better understand the consequences of LH₂ releases onto or into water, large-scale experimental tests were conducted by Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) within the Safe Hydrogen Fuel Handling and Use for Efficient Implementation (SH₂IFT) project at the Test Site Technical Safety of BAM, comprising 75 single spill events at varied release rates and orientations. While the rapid phase transition (RPT) phenomenon was not observed, self-ignition of the hydrogen-air cloud occurred, accompanied by blast wave overpressure and heat radiation, without a discernible ignition source. These findings emphasize the need for further investigation into LH₂ safety. Leveraging experimental data for real-world applications provides insights into safe LH₂ infrastructure implementation, laying foundational knowledge for addressing safety challenges and advancing LH₂ technology.

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探索有关液氢释放的实验测试

近年来，由于液氢（LH2）的低碳足迹，其在工业和运输领域的应用大幅增加，从而有助于应对全球变暖。此外，与气态氢或压缩氢相比，液态氢的体积能量密度高，从而增强了储氢能力。然而，由于氢气的物理化学特性和固有的危险特性，尤其是在发生泄漏的情况下，其安全性仍然是一个主要问题。因此，为了更好地了解将 LH2 释放到水中的后果，德国联邦材料研究与试验研究院（BAM）在其技术安全试验场的安全氢燃料处理和使用高效实施（SH2IFT）项目中进行了大规模试验，包括 75 次不同释放速率和方向的单次泄漏事件。虽然没有观察到快速相变 (RPT) 现象，但氢气云发生了自燃，并伴有爆炸波超压和热辐射，但没有明显的点火源。这些发现强调了进一步研究 LH2 安全性的必要性。利用实际应用中的实验数据可以深入了解 LH2 基础设施的安全实施情况，为应对安全挑战和推进 LH2 技术奠定基础知识。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Process Safety and Environmental Protection 环境科学-工程：化工

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

929

审稿时长

8.0 months

期刊介绍： The Process Safety and Environmental Protection (PSEP) journal is a leading international publication that focuses on the publication of high-quality, original research papers in the field of engineering, specifically those related to the safety of industrial processes and environmental protection. The journal encourages submissions that present new developments in safety and environmental aspects, particularly those that show how research findings can be applied in process engineering design and practice. PSEP is particularly interested in research that brings fresh perspectives to established engineering principles, identifies unsolved problems, or suggests directions for future research. The journal also values contributions that push the boundaries of traditional engineering and welcomes multidisciplinary papers. PSEP's articles are abstracted and indexed by a range of databases and services, which helps to ensure that the journal's research is accessible and recognized in the academic and professional communities. These databases include ANTE, Chemical Abstracts, Chemical Hazards in Industry, Current Contents, Elsevier Engineering Information database, Pascal Francis, Web of Science, Scopus, Engineering Information Database EnCompass LIT (Elsevier), and INSPEC. This wide coverage facilitates the dissemination of the journal's content to a global audience interested in process safety and environmental engineering.