Food Insecurity Is Common in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Is Associated with Increased Ultra-Processed Food Intake.

IF 4.8 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrients Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.3390/nu16213736

Stephanie Lauren Gold, David Kohler, Hannah Freid, Natasha Haskey, Maitreyi Raman

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background/objectives: Food insecurity (FI) is defined as the lack of consistent access to enough food for an active and healthy life. FI affects over 30 million Americans and is associated with poor clinical outcomes and impaired quality of life and drives significant health inequities. Despite the rising prevalence of FI and the federal focus on improving access to healthy food, there is a paucity of research on FI in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the goal of this study was to define FI in a cohort of IBD patients and determine whether FI was associated with changes in dietary patterns, including specifically an increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption in this high-risk patient population.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of IBD who were 18 years of age or older and who were seen in a nutrition focused clinic. Patients were screened for FI using the Hunger Vital Sign™, a 2-question validated FI screening tool and underwent a 24-h dietary recall. The degree of food processing was assessed using the NOVA Food Classification System.

Results: Among 128 patients with IBD, we observed that FI is increasingly prevalent, with 45% of patients reporting difficulty with sufficient grocery access at least "sometimes" in the last 12 months and 10% reporting decreased food access "often" in the prior year. In addition, the patients at high-risk for FI were significantly more likely to eat NOVA 4 UPFs (54% vs. 27%, p = 0.001) and were significantly less likely to eat NOVA 1 unprocessed foods (32% vs. 61%, p = 0.001) as compared to those not at risk for FI. Finally, only a small percentage of those at highest risk for FI were enrolled in a federal food assistance program for grocery support.

Conclusions: The prevalence of FI is increasing in patients with IBD and is associated with reduced dietary quality.

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炎症性肠病患者普遍缺乏粮食安全，这与超加工食品摄入量增加有关。

背景/目标：粮食不安全（FI）被定义为无法持续获得足够的食物以过上积极健康的生活。粮食不安全影响着 3,000 多万美国人，与不良的临床结果和生活质量受损有关，并导致严重的健康不平等。尽管 FI 的发病率不断上升，联邦也在关注改善健康食品的获取，但有关炎症性肠病（IBD）患者 FI 的研究却很少。因此，本研究的目标是在一组 IBD 患者中定义 FI，并确定 FI 是否与饮食模式的改变有关，特别是在这一高风险患者群体中超加工食品（UPF）消费量的增加：这是一项单中心、回顾性队列研究，研究对象是确诊为 IBD 的 18 岁或以上患者，他们都曾在一家以营养为重点的诊所就诊。患者使用饥饿生命体征（Hunger Vital Sign™）这一由两个问题组成的有效饥饿生命体征筛查工具进行饥饿生命体征筛查，并进行24小时饮食回忆。使用诺瓦食物分类系统对食物加工程度进行评估：在 128 名 IBD 患者中，我们发现 FI 的发病率越来越高，45% 的患者表示在过去 12 个月中至少 "有时 "难以买到足够的食物，10% 的患者表示在过去一年中 "经常 "买不到食物。此外，与无 FI 风险的患者相比，FI 高风险患者食用 NOVA 4 UPFs 的可能性明显更高（54% 对 27%，p = 0.001），食用 NOVA 1 未加工食品的可能性明显更低（32% 对 61%，p = 0.001）。最后，在 FI 高危人群中，只有一小部分人参加了联邦食品援助计划，以获得日用品支持：结论：FI 在 IBD 患者中的患病率正在上升，并且与饮食质量下降有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrients NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

15.30%

发文量

4599

审稿时长

16.74 days

期刊介绍： Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) is an international, peer-reviewed open access advanced forum for studies related to Human Nutrition. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.