Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM2.5 in Fuxin, China.

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Environmental Geochemistry and Health Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI:10.1007/s10653-024-02275-x

Xiaoliang Zhao, Zhaolin Shen, Fangwei Han, Bandna Bharti, Shaohui Feng, Jing Du, Yide Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Fuxin is located in the atmospheric channel around Bohai Bay, and its geographical location is very special. Few existing studies have investigated the pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in atmospheric PM_2.5 during the four seasons in Fuxin, so a total of 180 PM_2.5 samples were collected from four sampling sites in Fuxin from December 2021 to November 2022. The seasonal distribution characteristics of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sb, Cd and Ba were analysed via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP‒MS), and the source of the heavy metals was analysed via the enrichment factor (EF) and principal component analysis (PCA). A health risk model was used to assess the health risk of respiratory exposure in men, women and children in Fuxin. The results revealed that the annual average mass order of heavy metals in Fuxin PM_2.5 was Zn (0.2947 μg·m^-3) > Pb (0.0664 μg·m^-3) > As (0.0225 μg·m^-3) > Ba (0.0205 μg·m^-3) > Mn (0.0187 μg·m^-3) > Cu (0.0140 μg·m^-3) > Cr (0.0095 μg·m^-3) > V (0.0067 μg·m^-3) > Ni (0.0061 μg·m^-3) > Sb (0.0024 μg·m^-3) > Cd (0.0019 μg·m^-3) > Co (0.0007 μg·m^-3). The annual average concentration of As was 3.75 times the GB3095-2012 (China) secondary standard limit, and the concentration of hazard quotient (HQ) in PM_2.5 was lower than 1, but the concentration of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) in As was higher than the cancer risk threshold (10^-4). These findings indicate a certain risk of cancer in the urban population of Fuxin. Therefore, it is necessary to control the emissions created from coal burning to minimize the health risks to the people of Fuxin.

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中国阜新 PM2.5 中重金属的污染特征与健康风险评估。

阜新地处环渤海湾大气通道，地理位置十分特殊。现有研究很少涉及阜新四季大气 PM2.5 中重金属的污染特征和健康风险评估，因此，从 2021 年 12 月至 2022 年 11 月，在阜新的四个采样点共采集了 180 份 PM2.5 样品。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析了V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Sb、Cd和Ba的季节分布特征，并通过富集因子（EF）和主成分分析（PCA）分析了重金属的来源。采用健康风险模型评估了阜新男性、女性和儿童呼吸道暴露的健康风险。结果表明，阜新 PM2.5 中重金属的年均质量排序为 Zn (0.2947 μg-m-3) > Pb (0.0664 μg-m-3) > As (0.0225 μg-m-3) > Ba (0.0205 μg-m-3) > Mn (0. 0187 μg-m-3) > As (0.0225 μg-m-3) > Ba (0.0205 μg-m-3) > Mn (0. 0187 μg-m-3)。0187 μg-m-3) > Cu (0.0140 μg-m-3) > Cr (0.0095 μg-m-3) > V (0.0067 μg-m-3) > Ni (0.0061 μg-m-3) > Sb (0.0024 μg-m-3) > Cd (0.0019 μg-m-3) > Co (0.0007 μg-m-3)。砷的年均浓度是 GB3095-2012（中国）二级标准限值的 3.75 倍，PM2.5 中的危害商数（HQ）浓度低于 1，但砷的终生致癌风险增量（ILCR）浓度高于致癌风险阈值（10-4）。这些结果表明，阜新城市人口存在一定的癌症风险。因此，有必要控制燃煤产生的废气排放，将阜新人民的健康风险降至最低。

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来源期刊

Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

279

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.