Genomic characteristics, disease outcome and heterologous vaccine effectiveness among cases with SARS CoV-2 infection.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

BMC Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1186/s12879-024-10124-6

Rowan Abuyadek, Mira Mousa, Jumana AlAzazi, Ahmed Al Romaithi, Francis Selvaraj, Habiba Alsafar, Nawal Al Kaabi, Farida Al Hosani

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: In the pursuit of global health security, continuous monitoring of vaccine effectiveness across various viral strains emerges as a crucial imperative. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 major variants of concern (VOCs), including Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron, has added complexity to the COVID-19 vaccination landscape.

Objectives: To assess illness severity, evaluate vaccine efficacy across varying doses and types, and determine effectiveness against major VOCs within the population.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study, conducted in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, focuses on a cohort of 44,073 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases from February 2021 to May 2022, dominated by the Delta and Omicron variants. The study employed a nested case-control design, analyzing hospital admissions for confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results: Vaccine effectiveness was higher among heterologus-boosted individuals at 87% (95% CI:79%-93%) compared to homologus-boosted individuals at 59% (95% CI: 48%-68%) and fully vaccinated, non-boosted adults at 53% (95% CI: 46%-59%). These findings highlight the importance of heterologous boosting, particularly against rapidly evolving viral variants, offering valuable insights for refining pandemic response strategies.

Conclusion: The study underscores the critical need for ongoing assessment and adaptation of vaccination strategies to the evolving viral landscape.

查看原文本刊更多论文

SARS CoV-2 感染病例的基因组特征、疾病结果和异源疫苗效果。

背景：为了确保全球健康安全，必须持续监测不同病毒株的疫苗效果。包括 Alpha、Beta、Delta 和 Omicron 在内的 SARS-CoV-2 主要变种（VOCs）的出现增加了 COVID-19 疫苗接种的复杂性：评估疾病严重程度，评估不同剂量和类型疫苗的效力，并确定对人群中主要 VOCs 的效力：这项回顾性队列研究在阿联酋阿布扎比进行，重点研究了 2021 年 2 月至 2022 年 5 月期间 44,073 例 SARS-CoV-2 阳性病例，其中以 Delta 和 Omicron 变体为主。研究采用了巢式病例对照设计，分析了确诊感染 SARS-CoV-2 的入院病例：结果：接种过异源疫苗的人接种疫苗的有效率为 87%（95% CI：79%-93%），而接种过同源疫苗的人接种疫苗的有效率为 59%（95% CI：48%-68%），未接种过疫苗的成年人接种疫苗的有效率为 53%（95% CI：46%-59%）。这些发现强调了异源强化的重要性，尤其是针对快速发展的病毒变种，为完善大流行应对策略提供了宝贵的见解：这项研究强调了持续评估和调整疫苗接种策略以适应不断变化的病毒环境的迫切需要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMC Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

860

审稿时长

3.3 months

期刊介绍： BMC Infectious Diseases is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of infectious and sexually transmitted diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.