Regulatory T cells in immune checkpoint blockade antitumor therapy

IF 27.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Cancer Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1186/s12943-024-02156-y

An Zhang, Tao Fan, Yixiao Liu, Guanhua Yu, Chunxiang Li, Zheng Jiang

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Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs), an essential component of the human immune system, are a heterogeneous group of T lymphocytes with the ability to suppress immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis. Recent evidence indicates that Tregs may impair antitumor immunity and facilitate cancer progression by weakening functions of effector T cells (Teffs). Consequently, targeting Tregs to eliminate them from tumor microenvironments to improve Teffs’ activity could emerge as an effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy. This review outlines the biology of Tregs, detailing their origins, classification, and crucial markers. Our focus lies on the complex role of Tregs in cancer’s development, progression and treatment, particularly on their suppressive role upon antitumor responses via multiple mechanisms. We delve into Tregs’ involvement in immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, their dual effect on cancer immunotherapy and their potential biomarkers for ICB therapy effectiveness. We also summarize advances in the therapies that adjust Tregs to optimize ICB therapy, which may be crucial for devising innovative cancer treatment strategies.

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免疫检查点阻断抗肿瘤疗法中的调节性 T 细胞

调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）是人体免疫系统的重要组成部分，是一类异质性 T 淋巴细胞，具有抑制免疫反应和维持免疫平衡的能力。最近的证据表明，调节性 Tregs 可能会削弱效应 T 细胞（Teffs）的功能，从而损害抗肿瘤免疫力并促进癌症进展。因此，以 Tregs 为靶点，将其从肿瘤微环境中清除以提高 Teffs 的活性，可能会成为癌症免疫疗法的一种有效策略。这篇综述概述了 Tregs 的生物学特性，详细介绍了它们的起源、分类和重要标志物。我们的重点是 Tregs 在癌症的发生、发展和治疗中的复杂作用，尤其是它们通过多种机制对抗肿瘤反应的抑制作用。我们将深入探讨 Tregs 在免疫检查点阻断疗法（ICB）中的参与、它们对癌症免疫疗法的双重作用以及 ICB 疗法有效性的潜在生物标志物。我们还总结了调整 Tregs 以优化 ICB 疗法的研究进展，这可能对制定创新的癌症治疗策略至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

54.90

自引率

2.70%

发文量

224

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Cancer is a platform that encourages the exchange of ideas and discoveries in the field of cancer research, particularly focusing on the molecular aspects. Our goal is to facilitate discussions and provide insights into various areas of cancer and related biomedical science. We welcome articles from basic, translational, and clinical research that contribute to the advancement of understanding, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. The scope of topics covered in Molecular Cancer is diverse and inclusive. These include, but are not limited to, cell and tumor biology, angiogenesis, utilizing animal models, understanding metastasis, exploring cancer antigens and the immune response, investigating cellular signaling and molecular biology, examining epidemiology, genetic and molecular profiling of cancer, identifying molecular targets, studying cancer stem cells, exploring DNA damage and repair mechanisms, analyzing cell cycle regulation, investigating apoptosis, exploring molecular virology, and evaluating vaccine and antibody-based cancer therapies. Molecular Cancer serves as an important platform for sharing exciting discoveries in cancer-related research. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to communicate information to both specialists and the general public. The online presence of Molecular Cancer enables immediate publication of accepted articles and facilitates the presentation of large datasets and supplementary information. This ensures that new research is efficiently and rapidly disseminated to the scientific community.