Effect of bedrock permeability on runoff and soil loss in soil-mantled karst slopes under successive rainfall conditions

IF 5.4 1区农林科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Catena Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2024.108524

Qian Fang , Ruyi Zi , Longshan Zhao , Chunhua Fan , Fayong Fang , Xiaohe Qian

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Soil-mantled karst slopes exhibit rapid surface-belowground hydrological responses to rainfall because thin soil layers cover the bedrock. Bedrock features may play important roles in surface-belowground hydrological processes; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, the effects of impermeable (no fissures) and permeable (3 % fissure rate) bedrock (BS1 and BS2, respectively) on the surface and belowground runoff and soil loss processes were investigated during three successive rainfall events. During each event, the surface runoff (SR), subsurface runoff (SBR), soil–rock interface flow (SRIF) and bedrock fissure permeation flow (BFPF) were recorded. The results showed that the SR and SBR rates for the BS1 slope were significantly greater than those for the BS2 slope (P < 0.05) under all rainfall events. During rainfall, the SR and SBR accounted for ∼ 19 % and 8 %-12 % of the rainwater on the BS1 slope, respectively, and both were less than 5 % of the rainwater on the BS2 slope. Approximately 40 %-55 % of the rainwater was partitioned into SRIF on BS1 slope, and 54 %-74 % of the rainwater was partitioned into the BFPF on the BS2 slope. Furthermore, the BFPF on the BS2 slope was 33 % greater than the SRIF on the BS1 slope at the 1st rainfall and it increased to 50 % at the 3rd rainfall, suggesting that the successive rainfall increased the difference in rainwater loss from the bedrock surfaces between the slopes with different permeabilities. The surface soil loss rate was very low (< 0.01 g·m²·s⁻¹) due to the low SR, and a significant positive correlation was found between the SR rate and surface soil loss rate (P < 0.01) for both slopes. Compared with that on the BS2 slope, the soil loss on the BS1 slope was greater because of the higher SR rate. The belowground soil loss curves were discontinuous, indicating that the belowground soil loss process was very different from the surface soil loss. Therefore, bedrock permeability has a strong influence on runoff and soil loss in soil-mantled karst slopes, and this effect further increases with successive rainfall events.

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连续降雨条件下基岩渗透性对土壤覆盖岩溶斜坡径流和土壤流失的影响

土壤覆盖的岩溶斜坡对降雨表现出快速的地表-地下水文反应，因为薄土层覆盖着基岩。基岩特征可能在地表-地下水文过程中发挥重要作用，但其基本机制仍不清楚。在此，我们研究了不透水（无裂隙）和透水（裂隙率为 3%）基岩（分别为 BS1 和 BS2）在三次连续降雨过程中对地表和地下径流及土壤流失过程的影响。在每次降雨过程中，记录了地表径流（SR）、地下径流（SBR）、土壤-岩石界面流（SRIF）和基岩裂隙渗透流（BFPF）。结果表明，在所有降雨事件中，BS1 斜坡的 SR 和 SBR 速率均明显高于 BS2 斜坡（P < 0.05）。降雨期间，SR 和 SBR 分别占 BS1 斜坡雨水的 19 % 和 8 %-12%，均小于 BS2 斜坡雨水的 5 %。在 BS1 斜坡上，约 40 %-55 % 的雨水被分流到 SRIF 中，而在 BS2 斜坡上，54 %-74 % 的雨水被分流到 BFPF 中。此外，在第 1 次降雨时，BS2 斜坡上的 BFPF 比 BS1 斜坡上的 SRIF 大 33%，在第 3 次降雨时，BFPF 比 SRIF 大 50%，这表明连续降雨加大了透水性不同的斜坡之间基岩表面雨水流失的差异。由于SR较低，表层土壤流失率很低（< 0.01 g-m2-s-1），两个斜坡的SR率与表层土壤流失率之间存在显著的正相关（P< 0.01）。与 BS2 斜坡上的土壤流失率相比，BS1 斜坡上的土壤流失率更大，因为 SR 率更高。地下土壤流失曲线不连续，表明地下土壤流失过程与地表土壤流失过程有很大不同。因此，基岩渗透性对土壤覆盖的岩溶斜坡的径流和土壤流失有很大影响，而且这种影响会随着降雨事件的连续发生而进一步增大。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Catena 环境科学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

10.50

自引率

9.70%

发文量

816

审稿时长

54 days

期刊介绍： Catena publishes papers describing original field and laboratory investigations and reviews on geoecology and landscape evolution with emphasis on interdisciplinary aspects of soil science, hydrology and geomorphology. It aims to disseminate new knowledge and foster better understanding of the physical environment, of evolutionary sequences that have resulted in past and current landscapes, and of the natural processes that are likely to determine the fate of our terrestrial environment. Papers within any one of the above topics are welcome provided they are of sufficiently wide interest and relevance.