City-scale information modelling for urban energy resilience with optimal battery energy storages in Hong Kong

IF 10.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124813

Dazhou Ping , Chaosu Li , Xiaojun Yu , Zhengxuan Liu , Ran Tu , Yuekuan Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Climate change and extreme weather events are imposing threats to city power systems with regional power shortages. To enhance urban power system's resilience amid climate change, photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) are crucial for maintaining self-sufficient power during outages. However, the optimal installation location and capacity sizing of BESS remain uncertain when considering multi-criteria, including safety, energy flexibility, accessibility and energy resilience. This study proposes a new approach, i.e., Geographic Information System (GIS) integrated with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and capacitated p-median problem, to identify optimal installation locations and capacity allocation of BESS. This approach comprehensively considers geographical conditions (such as slope, land use, open space), safety, energy flexibility, accessibility and energy resilience, while accounting for the entire distribution network's granularity, intermittent solar supply, and unstable electricity demand. The methodology can guide the optimal BESS siting and sizing for energy resilience under future climate change and associated extreme weather events. Results indicate that suitable installation locations based on the proposed GIS-MCDM method are concentrated in central and southern regions in Yau Tsim Mong. Subsequently, BESS with the optimal and specific installation location and capacity allocation is in districts with high electricity demand and favourable safety geographical conditions. Compared to BESS without GIS-MCDM, the optimal BESS deployment with GIS-MCDM decreases the power shortage from 13,184 MWh to 12,931 MWh. Additionally, it increases the maximum power shortage reduction density from 176.04 kWh/m² to 364.2 kWh/m², and the area with a power shortage reduction above 100 kWh/m² expands from 1.24 × 10⁵ m² to 2.17 × 10⁵ m². This study contributes a new approach to determine optimal BESS installation locations and capacity allocation in urban-scale information modelling, planning and deployment, with frontier guidelines for system designers and urban planners to collaboratively develop resilience and survivability of urban power systems under extreme events.

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在香港建立城市规模的信息模型，利用最佳电池储能实现城市能源复原力

气候变化和极端天气事件对城市电力系统造成威胁，导致区域性电力短缺。为了提高城市电力系统在气候变化中的适应能力，光伏发电（PV）和电池储能系统（BESS）对于在停电期间保持电力自给自足至关重要。然而，在考虑安全性、能源灵活性、可及性和能源复原力等多重标准时，BESS 的最佳安装位置和容量大小仍不确定。本研究提出了一种新方法，即地理信息系统（GIS）与多标准决策（MCDM）和有容量的 p-median 问题相结合，以确定 BESS 的最佳安装位置和容量分配。该方法综合考虑了地理条件（如坡度、土地利用、空地）、安全性、能源灵活性、可达性和能源弹性，同时考虑了整个配电网络的粒度、间歇性太阳能供应和不稳定的电力需求。该方法可指导在未来气候变化和相关极端天气事件下，优化 BESS 的选址和规模，以提高能源复原力。结果表明，根据所提出的 GIS-MCDM 方法，合适的安装地点集中在油尖旺的中部和南部地区。因此，具有最佳和特定安装位置和容量分配的 BESS 位于电力需求量大且安全地理条件有利的地区。与不使用 GIS-MCDM 的 BESS 相比，使用 GIS-MCDM 的最佳 BESS 部署可将电力缺口从 13 184 MWh 减少到 12 931 MWh。此外，最大电力短缺减少密度从 176.04 kWh/m2 增加到 364.2 kWh/m2，电力短缺减少超过 100 kWh/m2 的面积从 1.24 × 105 m2 扩大到 2.17 × 105 m2。这项研究为在城市尺度信息建模、规划和部署中确定最佳 BESS 安装位置和容量分配提供了一种新方法，为系统设计者和城市规划者合作开发极端事件下城市电力系统的弹性和生存能力提供了前沿指南。

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来源期刊

Applied Energy 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.20

自引率

10.70%

发文量

1830

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Applied Energy serves as a platform for sharing innovations, research, development, and demonstrations in energy conversion, conservation, and sustainable energy systems. The journal covers topics such as optimal energy resource use, environmental pollutant mitigation, and energy process analysis. It welcomes original papers, review articles, technical notes, and letters to the editor. Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts that bridge the gap between research, development, and implementation. The journal addresses a wide spectrum of topics, including fossil and renewable energy technologies, energy economics, and environmental impacts. Applied Energy also explores modeling and forecasting, conservation strategies, and the social and economic implications of energy policies, including climate change mitigation. It is complemented by the open-access journal Advances in Applied Energy.