{"title":"Epigenetic alterations in oral cancer: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets","authors":"Madhan Krishnan , Sharan Basappa , Shyamaladevi Babu","doi":"10.1016/j.oor.2024.100681","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epigenetic alterations play an important aspect in the pathogenesis of oral cancer, affecting gene regulation occurs without altering the DNA sequence itself. These alterations include processes like DNA methylation, histone modification, and the regulation mediated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), contribute to the initiation, progression, and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review comprehensively examines the major epigenetic mechanisms implicated in oral cancer, elucidates potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis, and explores emerging epigenetic therapies with significant potential for targeted treatment. The reversible characteristics of epigenetic modifications render them promising therapeutic targets and offers hope for improved clinical outcomes. We also discuss the current limitations in research and suggest future directions for developing effective epigenetic-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94378,"journal":{"name":"Oral Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Oral Oncology Reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772906024005272","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations play an important aspect in the pathogenesis of oral cancer, affecting gene regulation occurs without altering the DNA sequence itself. These alterations include processes like DNA methylation, histone modification, and the regulation mediated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), contribute to the initiation, progression, and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review comprehensively examines the major epigenetic mechanisms implicated in oral cancer, elucidates potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis, and explores emerging epigenetic therapies with significant potential for targeted treatment. The reversible characteristics of epigenetic modifications render them promising therapeutic targets and offers hope for improved clinical outcomes. We also discuss the current limitations in research and suggest future directions for developing effective epigenetic-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
表观遗传学改变在口腔癌的发病机制中起着重要作用，它在不改变 DNA 序列本身的情况下影响基因调控。这些改变包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA（ncRNA）介导的调控等过程，有助于口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的发生、发展和转移。这篇综述全面探讨了与口腔癌有关的主要表观遗传机制，阐明了用于早期检测和预后判断的潜在生物标志物，并探索了具有显著靶向治疗潜力的新兴表观遗传疗法。表观遗传修饰的可逆性使其成为有前景的治疗目标，并为改善临床结果带来了希望。我们还讨论了当前研究的局限性，并提出了开发基于表观遗传的有效诊断和治疗策略的未来方向。
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