Effects of dietary of bile acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, liver and intestinal health and immune function in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102455

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Abstract

Bile acid (BA) play an important role in nutrient absorption and are key regulators of antioxidant and immune response homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with 0 (CON), 100 (BA100), 200 (BA200), 300 (BA300) and 400 (BA400) mg/kg BA on the growth, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity and immune response of loach. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that the serum markers of liver damage (ALT, AST, ALP and LDH) of loach were decreased by adding BA. The BA diets mainly affected the lipase activity in the liver and intestine of loach, but there was no significant difference on protease. Histological section results showed that dietary supplementation with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg BA increased the number of liver nuclei, liver vacuolation, intestinal wall muscle thickness and intestinal villi. In addition, BA enhanced the antioxidant capacity of loach by increasing the activities of GSH, GSH-Px, CAT, SOD and GST in their tissues (liver and intestine) and the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant-related genes (cat, gsh-px, sod and nrf2). At the same time, BA increased serum immune parameters (C3, C4, IgM and LYS), up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors (il-10), key immune genes (lys) and down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors (il-1β and tnf-α) in tissues (liver and intestine). In conclusion, dietary BA supplementation could improve the liver and intestinal digestive enzyme activities, enhance the antioxidant capacity and immune function, and promote the healthy growth of loach. Based on the results of these studies, the optimal supplementation of BA in loach diets was 200–300 mg/kg.

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胆汁酸对泥鳅生长性能、抗氧化能力、肝脏和肠道健康以及免疫功能的影响

胆汁酸（BA）在营养吸收中起着重要作用，是抗氧化和免疫反应平衡的关键调节剂。本研究的目的是评估膳食补充 0（CON）、100（BA100）、200（BA200）、300（BA300）和 400（BA400） mg/kg BA 对泥鳅生长、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和免疫反应的影响。血清生化分析结果表明，添加 BA 后，泥鳅血清中的肝损伤指标（ALT、AST、ALP 和 LDH）均有所下降。BA日粮主要影响泥鳅肝脏和肠道中脂肪酶的活性，但对蛋白酶的影响无显著差异。组织学切片结果显示，日粮中添加 100、200 和 300 mg/kg 的 BA 会增加肝核数量、肝空泡化、肠壁肌肉厚度和肠绒毛。此外，BA 还能提高泥鳅组织（肝脏和肠道）中 GSH、GSH-Px、CAT、SOD 和 GST 的活性以及抗氧化相关基因（cat、gsh-px、sod 和 nrf2）的 mRNA 表达水平，从而增强泥鳅的抗氧化能力。同时，BA 能提高血清免疫参数（C3、C4、IgM 和 LYS），上调抗炎因子（il-10）和关键免疫基因（lys）的 mRNA 表达水平，下调组织（肝脏和肠道）中促炎因子（il-1β 和 tnf-α）的 mRNA 表达水平。总之，饵料中添加 BA 可提高泥鳅肝脏和肠道消化酶活性，增强抗氧化能力和免疫功能，促进泥鳅健康生长。根据这些研究结果，泥鳅日粮中最佳的 BA 添加量为 200-300 mg/kg。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.