Luis Germán Castañón-Cortés, Luis Alberto Bravo-Vázquez, Grecia Santoyo-Valencia, Sara Medina-Feria, Padmavati Sahare, Asim K Duttaroy, Sujay Paul
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is an innovative scientific field focused on repairing, replacing, or regenerating damaged tissues and organs to restore their normal functions. A central aspect of this research arena relies on the use of tissue-engineered scaffolds, which serve as structural supports that mimic the extracellular matrix, providing an environment that orchestrates cell growth and tissue formation. Remarkably, the therapeutic efficacy of these scaffolds can be improved by harnessing the properties of other molecules or compounds that have crucial roles in healing and regeneration pathways, such as phytochemicals, enzymes, transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). In particular, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of tiny (20-24 nt), highly conserved ncRNAs that play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Accordingly, miRNAs are involved in a myriad of biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. On this basis, over the past years, a number of research studies have demonstrated that miRNAs can be integrated into tissue-engineered scaffolds to create advanced therapeutic platforms that precisely modulate cellular behavior and offer a controlled and targeted release of miRNAs to optimize tissue repair and regeneration. Therefore, in this current review, we discuss the most recent advances in the development of miRNA-loaded tissue-engineered scaffolds and provide an overview of the future outlooks that should be aborded in this area of study in order to lay the groundwork for the clinical translation of these tissue engineering approaches.
期刊介绍：
The translation of new discoveries in medicine to clinical routine has never been easy. During the second half of the last century, thanks to the progress in chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, we have seen the development and the application of a large number of drugs and devices aimed at the treatment of symptoms, blocking unwanted pathways and, in the case of infectious diseases, fighting the micro-organisms responsible. However, we are facing, today, a dramatic change in the therapeutic approach to pathologies and diseases. Indeed, the challenge of the present and the next decade is to fully restore the physiological status of the diseased organism and to completely regenerate tissue and organs when they are so seriously affected that treatments cannot be limited to the repression of symptoms or to the repair of damage. This is being made possible thanks to the major developments made in basic cell and molecular biology, including stem cell science, growth factor delivery, gene isolation and transfection, the advances in bioengineering and nanotechnology, including development of new biomaterials, biofabrication technologies and use of bioreactors, and the big improvements in diagnostic tools and imaging of cells, tissues and organs.
In today`s world, an enhancement of communication between multidisciplinary experts, together with the promotion of joint projects and close collaborations among scientists, engineers, industry people, regulatory agencies and physicians are absolute requirements for the success of any attempt to develop and clinically apply a new biological therapy or an innovative device involving the collective use of biomaterials, cells and/or bioactive molecules. “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” aspires to be a forum for all people involved in the process by bridging the gap too often existing between a discovery in the basic sciences and its clinical application.
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