Porous silicon/carbon composites as anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60850-4

Zhen-Yu Tian , Ya-fei Wang , Xin Qin , Ulugbek Shaislamov , Mirabbos Hojamberdiev , Tong-hui Zheng , Shuo Dong , Xing-hao Zhang , De-bin Kong , Lin-jie Zhi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Silicon anodes are promising for use in lithium-ion batteries. However, their practical application is severely limited by their large volume expansion leading to irreversible material fracture and electrical disconnects. This study proposes a new top-down strategy for preparing microsize porous silicon and introduces polyacrylonitrile (PAN) for a nitrogen-doped carbon coating, which is designed to maintain the internal pore volume and lower the expansion of the anode during lithiation and delithiation. We then explore the effect of temperature on the evolution of the structure of PAN and the electrochemical behavior of the composite electrode. After treatment at 400 -, the PAN coating retains a high nitrogen content of 11.35%, confirming the presence of C―N and C―O bonds that improve the ionic-electronic transport properties. This treatment not only results in a more intact carbon layer structure, but also introduces carbon defects, and produces a material that has remarkable stable cycling even at high rates. When cycled at 4 A g⁻¹, the anode had a specific capacity of 857.6 mAh g⁻¹ even after 200 cycles, demonstrating great potential for high-capacity energy storage applications.

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用作高性能锂离子电池阳极的多孔硅/碳复合材料

硅阳极有望用于锂离子电池。然而，由于其体积膨胀较大，导致材料不可逆转地断裂和电气断开，其实际应用受到严重限制。本研究提出了一种自上而下制备微孔硅的新策略，并引入聚丙烯腈（PAN）作为掺氮碳涂层，旨在保持内部孔隙体积，降低阳极在锂化和脱锂过程中的膨胀。然后，我们探讨了温度对 PAN 结构演变和复合电极电化学行为的影响。在 400 - 温度下处理后，PAN 涂层的含氮量高达 11.35%，证实了 C-N 和 C-O 键的存在，从而改善了离子电子传输特性。这种处理方法不仅使碳层结构更加完整，而且还引入了碳缺陷，并产生了一种即使在高速率下也能显著稳定循环的材料。当以 4 A g-1 的速率循环时，该阳极在循环 200 次后仍具有 857.6 mAh g-1 的比容量，显示了其在高容量储能应用方面的巨大潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

New Carbon Materials MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

8.80%

发文量

3245

审稿时长

5.5 months

期刊介绍： New Carbon Materials is a scholarly journal that publishes original research papers focusing on the physics, chemistry, and technology of organic substances that serve as precursors for creating carbonaceous solids with aromatic or tetrahedral bonding. The scope of materials covered by the journal extends from diamond and graphite to a variety of forms including chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbons, carbon fibers, carbynes, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. The journal's objective is to showcase the latest research findings and advancements in the areas of formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbon materials. Additionally, the journal includes papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials, such as carbon-carbon composites, derived from the aforementioned carbons. Research papers on organic substances will be considered for publication only if they have a direct relevance to the resulting carbon materials.