Trogocytosis in CAR immune cell therapy: a key mechanism of tumor immune escape.

IF 8.2 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Cell Communication and Signaling Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1186/s12964-024-01894-2

Yizhao Chen, Qianling Xin, Mengjuan Zhu, Jiaqi Qiu, Ji Qiu, Ruilin Li, Jiajie Tu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Immune cell therapy based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology platform has been greatly developed. The types of CAR immune cell therapy have expanded from T cells to innate immune cells such as NK cells and macrophages, and the diseases treated have expanded from hematological malignancies to non-tumor fields such as infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. Among them, CAR-T and CAR-NK therapy have observed examples of rapid remission in approved clinical trials, but the efficacy is unstable and plagued by tumor resistance. Trogocytosis is a special phenomenon of intercellular molecular transfer that is common in the immune system and is achieved by recipient cells through acquisition and internalization of donor cell-derived molecules and mediates immune effects. Recently, a novel short-term drug resistance mechanism based on trogocytosis has been proposed, and the bidirectional molecular exchange between CAR immune cells and tumor cells triggered by trogocytosis partially explains the long-term relapse phenomenon after treatment with CAR immune cells. In this review, we summarize the research progress of trogocytosis in CAR immunotherapy, discuss the influencing factors of trogocytosis and its direct and indirect interference with CAR immune cells and emphasize that the interference of trogocytosis can further release the potential of CAR immune cell therapy.

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CAR 免疫细胞疗法中的逆行细胞吞噬：肿瘤免疫逃逸的关键机制。

基于嵌合抗原受体（CAR）技术平台的免疫细胞疗法得到了长足发展。CAR免疫细胞疗法的种类已从T细胞扩展到NK细胞、巨噬细胞等先天性免疫细胞，治疗的疾病也从血液恶性肿瘤扩展到感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病等非肿瘤领域。其中，CAR-T疗法和CAR-NK疗法在已批准的临床试验中观察到了快速缓解的例子，但疗效不稳定，并受到肿瘤耐药性的困扰。逆转细胞是免疫系统中常见的一种特殊的细胞间分子转移现象，受体细胞通过获取和内化供体细胞衍生的分子来实现，并介导免疫效应。最近，有人提出了一种基于逆行细胞吞噬的新型短期耐药机制，逆行细胞吞噬引发的CAR免疫细胞与肿瘤细胞之间的双向分子交换部分解释了CAR免疫细胞治疗后的长期复发现象。在这篇综述中，我们总结了逆行细胞增多在CAR免疫治疗中的研究进展，探讨了逆行细胞增多的影响因素及其对CAR免疫细胞的直接和间接干扰，并强调逆行细胞增多的干扰可进一步释放CAR免疫细胞治疗的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cell Communication and Signaling CELL BIOLOGY-

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

180

期刊介绍： Cell Communication and Signaling (CCS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal that focuses on cellular signaling pathways in both normal and pathological conditions. It publishes original research, reviews, and commentaries, welcoming studies that utilize molecular, morphological, biochemical, structural, and cell biology approaches. CCS also encourages interdisciplinary work and innovative models, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches, to facilitate investigations of cell signaling pathways, networks, and behavior. Starting from January 2019, CCS is proud to announce its affiliation with the International Cell Death Society. The journal now encourages submissions covering all aspects of cell death, including apoptotic and non-apoptotic mechanisms, cell death in model systems, autophagy, clearance of dying cells, and the immunological and pathological consequences of dying cells in the tissue microenvironment.