Seroprevalence of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis antibodies and Tdap vaccination in pregnant women in Greece – A cross- sectional study

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126435

S. Papailiou , A. Soldatou , A. Marmarinos , M. Avgeris , E. Papathoma , M. Sindos , S. Georgantzi , Α. Rodolakis , N. Iacovidou , D. Gourgiotis , M. Tsolia

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Abstract

Objectives

We performed a cross- sectional study in two maternity hospitals in Athens, Greece between 2017 and 2019 assessing seroprevalence and Geometric Mean Titres (GMTs) of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus antibodies in pregnant women and recorded adherence to Greek National Immunization Program (NIP) regarding Tdap vaccination in pregnancy.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from women in labour and anti- diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis toxin IgG antibodies were measured by Elisa kits. Seropositivity was defined as anti-diphtheria and anti- tetanus toxin IgG levels ≥0.1, and anti- pertussis >50 IU/mL. Seroprevalence and GMTs were calculated according to demographic factors. Tdap vaccination before and during pregnancy was self-reported by study participants.

Results

We analysed 253 blood samples and paired questionnaires. Seropositivity was 57.7 % for diphtheria. The lowest rate (38.2 %) was observed in the youngest age group (≤25 years). Increasing age was associated with higher seroprevalence (p = 0.036). 12.5 % of women were seropositive against pertussis. Most were seropositive for tetanus (92.7 %). Anti-pertussis GMTs were 16.98, anti-diphtheria 0.13 and anti- tetanus GMTs 0.63 IU/mL. Women born in Greece and with higher educational level had higher antibodies against tetanus (p = 0.004 & 0.004 respectively). 3/253 (1.2 %) of women assessed reported Tdap vaccination during pregnancy.

Conclusion

Seropositivity rates were low for diphtheria and pertussis among pregnant women. In addition, less than 2 % were vaccinated with Tdap despite recommendation by Greek NIP. Therefore, many infants end up unprotected during the first months of life. Our study highlights the urgent need for national campaigns targeting to completion of childhood immunization and information of the public about safety and importance of Tdap vaccination in pregnancy.

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希腊孕妇白喉、破伤风和百日咳抗体血清流行率及百白破疫苗接种情况 - 一项横断面研究。

研究目的我们于 2017 年至 2019 年期间在希腊雅典的两家妇产医院开展了一项横断面研究，评估孕妇白喉、百日咳和破伤风抗体的血清流行率和几何平均滴度（GMT），并记录希腊国家免疫计划（NIP）关于孕期接种百白破疫苗的遵守情况：方法：采集产妇的血样，用 Elisa 试剂盒检测抗白喉、破伤风和百日咳毒素 IgG 抗体。血清阳性的定义是抗白喉和抗破伤风毒素 IgG 水平≥0.1，抗百日咳水平>50 IU/mL。根据人口统计学因素计算血清流行率和GMT。怀孕前和怀孕期间的百白破疫苗接种情况由研究参与者自行报告：我们分析了 253 份血样和配对问卷。白喉血清阳性率为 57.7%。最小年龄组（25 岁以下）的血清阳性率最低（38.2%）。年龄越大，血清阳性率越高（p = 0.036）。12.5%的妇女百日咳血清反应呈阳性。大多数人的破伤风血清反应呈阳性（92.7%）。抗百日咳GMT值为16.98，抗白喉GMT值为0.13，抗破伤风GMT值为0.63 IU/mL。在希腊出生和受教育程度较高的妇女的破伤风抗体较高（p = 0.004 和 0.004）。3/253（1.2%）名接受评估的妇女表示在怀孕期间接种过百白破疫苗：结论：孕妇的白喉和百日咳血清阳性率较低。此外，尽管希腊国家免疫计划建议孕妇接种百白破疫苗，但只有不到2%的孕妇接种了百白破疫苗。因此，许多婴儿在出生后的头几个月里得不到保护。我们的研究突出表明，迫切需要开展全国性运动，以完成儿童免疫接种，并向公众宣传孕期接种百白破疫苗的安全性和重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

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