Measurement of New Biomarkers of Immunity and Welfare in Colostrum and Milk of Pigs: Analytical Validation and Changes During Lactation.

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY

Biology-Basel Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.3390/biology13100829

María Botía, Damián Escribano, Eva Mainau, Alberto Muñoz-Prieto, José J Cerón

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Abstract

Colostrum is a mammary secretion released from the time of farrowing to 36 h post-farrowing. After this time and during all the rest of lactation, the mammary secretion is considered milk. The objectives of this study were: (1) to perform an analytical validation in the colostrum and milk of sows of assays for four analytes related to immunity: total ADA (tADA) and its isoenzymes (ADA1 and ADA2), myeloperoxidase (Mpx), calprotectin, and calgranulin, and two analytes related to welfare: cortisol and alpha-amylase. (2) To evaluate the changes in these analytes during lactation (3) To assess the correlations between these new analytes, as well as with IgG and IgA. In the analytical validation, all the assays were precise and accurate. When changes during lactation were evaluated, the concentration of tADA and ADA2 was found to be higher in colostrum than in milk (p < 0.02), while the activity of Mpx was observed to be higher in mature milk than in colostrum (p < 0.03). Furthermore, cortisol and alpha-amylase activity were found to be higher in colostrum compared to mature milk (p < 0.04 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Regarding the relation between analytes, alpha-amylase showed a significant correlation with both IgG and IgA and calprotectin was correlated with calgranulin and Mpx. Further studies should be performed to elucidate the possible practical application of the analytes evaluated in this study as biomarkers of colostrum and milk in sows.

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猪初乳和乳汁中免疫和福利新生物标志物的测定：分析验证和哺乳期变化。

初乳是产仔至产仔后 36 小时内释放的乳腺分泌物。在此之后以及整个哺乳期，乳腺分泌物都被视为乳汁。本研究的目的是(1) 对母猪初乳和乳汁中与免疫有关的四种分析物：总 ADA（tADA）及其同工酶（ADA1 和 ADA2）、髓过氧化物酶（Mpx）、犊牛保护蛋白和犊牛蛋白，以及与福利有关的两种分析物：皮质醇和α-淀粉酶进行分析验证。(2) 评估这些分析物在哺乳期的变化 (3) 评估这些新分析物之间以及与 IgG 和 IgA 之间的相关性。在分析验证过程中，所有检测方法均精确无误。在评估哺乳期的变化时，发现初乳中 tADA 和 ADA2 的浓度高于牛奶（p < 0.02），而成熟牛奶中 Mpx 的活性高于初乳（p < 0.03）。此外，与成熟乳相比，初乳中的皮质醇和α-淀粉酶活性更高（p < 0.04 和 p < 0.0001）。关于分析物之间的关系，α-淀粉酶与IgG和IgA都有显著相关性，而钙蛋白与钙谷蛋白和Mpx有相关性。应开展进一步研究，以阐明本研究中评估的分析物作为母猪初乳和乳汁生物标志物的实际应用可能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biology-Basel Biological Science-Biological Science

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

4.80%

发文量

1618

审稿时长

11 weeks

期刊介绍： Biology (ISSN 2079-7737) is an international, peer-reviewed, quick-refereeing open access journal of Biological Science published by MDPI online. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications in all areas of biology and at the interface of related disciplines. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files regarding the full details of the experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.