Long-Term Halocarbon Observations in an Urban Area of the YRD Region, China: Characteristic, Sources Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment.

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.3390/toxics12100738

Yuchun Jiang, Anqi Zhang, Qiaoli Zou, Lu Zhang, Hanfei Zuo, Jinmei Ding, Zhanshan Wang, Zhigang Li, Lingling Jin, Da Xu, Xin Sun, Wenlong Zhao, Bingye Xu, Xiaoqian Li

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Abstract

To observe the long-term variations in halocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, this study analyzes halocarbon concentrations and composition characteristics in Shanxi from 2018 to 2020, exploring their origins and the health effects. The total concentration of halocarbons has shown an overall increasing trend, which is driven by both regulated substances (CFC-11 and CFC-113) and unregulated substances, such as dichloromethane, chloromethane and chloroform. The results of the study also reveal that dichloromethane (1.194 ± 1.003 to 1.424 ± 1.004 ppbv) and chloromethane (0.205 ± 0.185 to 0.666 ± 0.323 ppbv) are the predominant halocarbons in Shanxi, influenced by local and northwestern emissions. Next, this study identifies that neighboring cities in Zhejiang Province and other YRD areas are potentially affected by backward trajectory models. Notably, chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane have consistently surpassed acceptable thresholds, indicating a significant carcinogenic risk associated with solvent usage. This research sheds light on the evolution of halocarbons in the YRD region, offering valuable data for the control and reduction in halocarbon emissions.

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中国长三角地区城市地区卤烃长期观测：特征、来源分配和健康风险评估。

为观察长三角地区卤烃的长期变化，本研究分析了山西省2018-2020年的卤烃浓度和组成特征，探讨了其来源和对健康的影响。卤烃总浓度总体呈上升趋势，其中既有受管制物质（CFC-11和CFC-113）的驱动，也有二氯甲烷、氯甲烷和氯仿等未受管制物质的驱动。研究结果还显示，受本地和西北部排放的影响，二氯甲烷（1.194 ± 1.003 至 1.424 ± 1.004 ppbv）和氯甲烷（0.205 ± 0.185 至 0.666 ± 0.323 ppbv）是山西最主要的卤烃。接下来，本研究发现浙江省的邻近城市和其他长三角地区有可能受到后向轨迹模型的影响。值得注意的是，三氯甲烷和 1,2-二氯乙烷一直超过可接受的阈值，这表明溶剂的使用具有很大的致癌风险。这项研究揭示了长三角地区卤烃的演变过程，为控制和减少卤烃排放提供了宝贵的数据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

10.90%

发文量

681

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal accepts papers describing work that furthers our understanding of the exposure, effects, and risks of chemicals and materials in humans and the natural environment as well as approaches to assess and/or manage the toxicological and ecotoxicological risks of chemicals and materials. The journal covers a wide range of toxic substances, including metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, biocides, nanomaterials, and polymers such as micro- and mesoplastics. Toxics accepts papers covering: The occurrence, transport, and fate of chemicals and materials in different systems (e.g., food, air, water, soil); Exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials as well as modelling and experimental approaches for characterizing the exposure in, e.g., water, air, soil, food, and consumer products; Uptake, metabolism, and effects of chemicals and materials in a wide range of systems including in-vitro toxicological assays, aquatic and terrestrial organisms and ecosystems, model mammalian systems, and humans; Approaches to assess the risks of chemicals and materials to humans and the environment; Methodologies to eliminate or reduce the exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials.