Non-Coding RNA as a Biomarker in Lung Cancer.

IF 3.6 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Non-Coding RNA Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.3390/ncrna10050050

Chahat Suri, Shashikant Swarnkar, Lvks Bhaskar, Henu Kumar Verma

{"title":"Non-Coding RNA as a Biomarker in Lung Cancer.","authors":"Chahat Suri, Shashikant Swarnkar, Lvks Bhaskar, Henu Kumar Verma","doi":"10.3390/ncrna10050050","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers globally, with high mortality rates largely due to late-stage diagnosis, aggressive progression, and frequent recurrence. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques and therapeutic interventions, the overall prognosis for lung cancer patients continues to be dismal.Method: Emerging research has identified non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, as critical regulators of gene expression, significantly influencing cancer biology. These ncRNAs play pivotal roles in various aspects of lung cancer pathogenesis, including tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy.Results: We provide a comprehensive analysis of the current understanding of ncRNAs in lung cancer, emphasizing their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognostication, and the prediction of the therapeutic response. We explore the biological functions of ncRNAs, their involvement in key oncogenic pathways, and the molecular mechanisms by which they modulate gene expression and cellular processes in lung cancer. Furthermore, this review highlights recent advances in ncRNA-based diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies, such as miRNA mimics and inhibitors, lncRNA-targeted therapies, and circRNA-modulating approaches, offering promising avenues for personalized medicine.Conclusion: Finally, we discuss the challenges and future directions in ncRNA research, including the need for large-scale validation studies and the development of efficient delivery systems for ncRNA-based therapies. This review underscores the potential of ncRNAs to revolutionize lung cancer management by providing novel diagnostic and therapeutic options that could improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19271,"journal":{"name":"Non-Coding RNA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514784/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Non-Coding RNA","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna10050050","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers globally, with high mortality rates largely due to late-stage diagnosis, aggressive progression, and frequent recurrence. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques and therapeutic interventions, the overall prognosis for lung cancer patients continues to be dismal.

Method: Emerging research has identified non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, as critical regulators of gene expression, significantly influencing cancer biology. These ncRNAs play pivotal roles in various aspects of lung cancer pathogenesis, including tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy.

Results: We provide a comprehensive analysis of the current understanding of ncRNAs in lung cancer, emphasizing their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognostication, and the prediction of the therapeutic response. We explore the biological functions of ncRNAs, their involvement in key oncogenic pathways, and the molecular mechanisms by which they modulate gene expression and cellular processes in lung cancer. Furthermore, this review highlights recent advances in ncRNA-based diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies, such as miRNA mimics and inhibitors, lncRNA-targeted therapies, and circRNA-modulating approaches, offering promising avenues for personalized medicine.

Conclusion: Finally, we discuss the challenges and future directions in ncRNA research, including the need for large-scale validation studies and the development of efficient delivery systems for ncRNA-based therapies. This review underscores the potential of ncRNAs to revolutionize lung cancer management by providing novel diagnostic and therapeutic options that could improve patient outcomes.

查看原文本刊更多论文

作为肺癌生物标志物的非编码 RNA

简介肺癌仍然是全球发病率最高、最致命的癌症之一，死亡率高的主要原因是诊断晚、病情恶化和频繁复发。尽管诊断技术和治疗干预取得了进步，但肺癌患者的总体预后仍然不容乐观：方法：新近研究发现，非编码 RNA（ncRNA），包括 microRNA、长非编码 RNA 和环状 RNA，是基因表达的关键调控因子，对癌症生物学有重大影响。这些 ncRNA 在肺癌发病机制的各个方面，包括肿瘤的发生、发展、转移和抗药性中发挥着关键作用：我们全面分析了目前对肺癌 ncRNA 的认识，强调了它们作为早期诊断、预后判断和治疗反应预测的生物标志物的潜力。我们探讨了 ncRNA 的生物学功能、它们参与关键致癌通路的情况，以及它们调节肺癌基因表达和细胞过程的分子机制。此外，本综述还重点介绍了基于ncRNA的诊断工具和治疗策略的最新进展，如miRNA模拟物和抑制剂、lncRNA靶向疗法和circRNA调节方法，为个性化医疗提供了前景广阔的途径：最后，我们讨论了 ncRNA 研究面临的挑战和未来发展方向，包括需要进行大规模验证研究和开发基于 ncRNA 疗法的高效传递系统。这篇综述强调了 ncRNA 通过提供可改善患者预后的新型诊断和治疗方案而彻底改变肺癌治疗的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Non-Coding RNA Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

4.70%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： Functional studies dealing with identification, structure-function relationships or biological activity of: small regulatory RNAs (miRNAs, siRNAs and piRNAs) associated with the RNA interference pathway small nuclear RNAs, small nucleolar and tRNAs derived small RNAs other types of small RNAs, such as those associated with splice junctions and transcription start sites long non-coding RNAs, including antisense RNAs, long ''intergenic'' RNAs, intronic RNAs and ''enhancer'' RNAs other classes of RNAs such as vault RNAs, scaRNAs, circular RNAs, 7SL RNAs, telomeric and centromeric RNAs regulatory functions of mRNAs and UTR-derived RNAs catalytic and allosteric (riboswitch) RNAs viral, transposon and repeat-derived RNAs bacterial regulatory RNAs, including CRISPR RNAS Analysis of RNA processing, RNA binding proteins, RNA signaling and RNA interaction pathways: DICER AGO, PIWI and PIWI-like proteins other classes of RNA binding and RNA transport proteins RNA interactions with chromatin-modifying complexes RNA interactions with DNA and other RNAs the role of RNA in the formation and function of specialized subnuclear organelles and other aspects of cell biology intercellular and intergenerational RNA signaling RNA processing structure-function relationships in RNA complexes RNA analyses, informatics, tools and technologies: transcriptomic analyses and technologies development of tools and technologies for RNA biology and therapeutics Translational studies involving long and short non-coding RNAs: identification of biomarkers development of new therapies involving microRNAs and other ncRNAs clinical studies involving microRNAs and other ncRNAs.