MicroRNA Biogenesis, Gene Regulation Mechanisms, and Availability in Foods.

IF 3.6 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Non-Coding RNA Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.3390/ncrna10050052

Amilton S de Mello, Bradley S Ferguson, Erica L Shebs-Maurine, Francine M Giotto

引用次数: 0

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that control gene expression by degrading or repressing mRNA translation into proteins. Research recently suggested that food-derived miRNAs are bioavailable and may be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Since these small RNAs may reach the circulation and organs, possible interactions with host genes will lead to epigenetic effects that alter metabolism. Therefore, from a precision nutrition standpoint, exogenous miRNAs may be essential in modulating health status. This review summarizes the process of miRNA biogenesis, the post-translational mechanisms of gene regulation, and their bioavailability in animal- and plant-derived foods.

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MicroRNA 的生物生成、基因调控机制和食品中的可用性。

微小核糖核酸（miRNA）是一种小型非编码核糖核酸，可通过降解或抑制 mRNA 翻译成蛋白质来控制基因表达。最近的研究表明，从食物中提取的 miRNA 具有生物可利用性，可能会被胃肠道（GIT）吸收。由于这些小核糖核酸可能进入血液循环和器官，因此可能与宿主基因发生相互作用，从而产生改变新陈代谢的表观遗传效应。因此，从精准营养的角度来看，外源 miRNA 可能是调节健康状况的关键。本综述概述了 miRNA 的生物发生过程、基因翻译后的调控机制以及它们在动物和植物源性食品中的生物利用率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Non-Coding RNA Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

4.70%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： Functional studies dealing with identification, structure-function relationships or biological activity of: small regulatory RNAs (miRNAs, siRNAs and piRNAs) associated with the RNA interference pathway small nuclear RNAs, small nucleolar and tRNAs derived small RNAs other types of small RNAs, such as those associated with splice junctions and transcription start sites long non-coding RNAs, including antisense RNAs, long ''intergenic'' RNAs, intronic RNAs and ''enhancer'' RNAs other classes of RNAs such as vault RNAs, scaRNAs, circular RNAs, 7SL RNAs, telomeric and centromeric RNAs regulatory functions of mRNAs and UTR-derived RNAs catalytic and allosteric (riboswitch) RNAs viral, transposon and repeat-derived RNAs bacterial regulatory RNAs, including CRISPR RNAS Analysis of RNA processing, RNA binding proteins, RNA signaling and RNA interaction pathways: DICER AGO, PIWI and PIWI-like proteins other classes of RNA binding and RNA transport proteins RNA interactions with chromatin-modifying complexes RNA interactions with DNA and other RNAs the role of RNA in the formation and function of specialized subnuclear organelles and other aspects of cell biology intercellular and intergenerational RNA signaling RNA processing structure-function relationships in RNA complexes RNA analyses, informatics, tools and technologies: transcriptomic analyses and technologies development of tools and technologies for RNA biology and therapeutics Translational studies involving long and short non-coding RNAs: identification of biomarkers development of new therapies involving microRNAs and other ncRNAs clinical studies involving microRNAs and other ncRNAs.