Assessment of Long-Term Changes in Knowledge and Attitudes of Household Contacts of COVID-19 Cases in Northern Spain.

IF 3.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Noelia Vera-Punzano, Vanessa Bullón-Vela, Carme Miret, Jéssica Pardos-Plaza, Manuel García Cenoz, Pere Godoy, Jesús Castilla, Àngela Domínguez, Diana Toledo, Iván Martínez-Baz
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Abstract

This study aims to describe the long-term changes in the knowledge of, and attitudes towards, COVID-19 and its preventive measures in northern Spain. A telephonic survey was performed among household contacts of COVID-19 cases in Catalonia and Navarre between May 2022 and December 2023. Knowledge and attitudes were assessed through 12 questions using a Likert scale, and responses were grouped as correct or incorrect. The change from baseline to the 6-month follow-up was evaluated with the absolute difference (AD) using the proportion of correct answers. At baseline, 299 subjects were contacted, of whom 63.2% (189) completed the 6-month follow-up. Correct knowledge of transmission (>85%) and the use of preventive measures (>92%) were observed at baseline and maintained over time. The attitudes towards face mask use remained adequate over the course of six months (>79%). However, attitudes regarding the use of face masks indoors (AD = -16.4%; p < 0.001) and those who thought that COVID-19 had a negative impact on their lives (AD = -16.5%; p < 0.001) decreased after 6 months. In the post-acute phase of the pandemic, household contacts maintained the correct level of knowledge towards COVID-19, while some attitudes decreased. These results should serve as a guide for health policy makers in decision-making in case of a new increase in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2.

评估西班牙北部 COVID-19 病例家庭联系人知识和态度的长期变化。
本研究旨在描述西班牙北部对 COVID-19 及其预防措施的了解和态度的长期变化。2022 年 5 月至 2023 年 12 月期间,在加泰罗尼亚和纳瓦拉对 COVID-19 病例的家庭联系人进行了电话调查。采用李克特量表对 12 个问题进行了知识和态度评估,并将回答分为正确和不正确两组。从基线到 6 个月随访期间的变化采用正确答案比例的绝对差值 (AD) 进行评估。基线调查共接触了 299 名受试者,其中 63.2%(189 人)完成了 6 个月的随访。在基线时,受试者对传播途径的正确认识(>85%)和预防措施的使用(>92%)均被观察到,并随着时间的推移而保持不变。在 6 个月的随访过程中,对使用口罩的态度依然良好(>79%)。然而,6 个月后,对在室内使用口罩的态度(AD = -16.4%;p < 0.001)和认为 COVID-19 对其生活有负面影响的态度(AD = -16.5%;p < 0.001)有所下降。在大流行后的急性期,家庭接触者保持了对 COVID-19 的正确认知水平,而一些人的态度则有所下降。这些结果将为卫生决策者在 SARS-CoV-2 发病率再次上升时做出决策提供指导。
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来源期刊
Infectious Disease Reports
Infectious Disease Reports INFECTIOUS DISEASES-
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
82
审稿时长
11 weeks
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