Nilgün Kurucu, Tezer Kutluk, İbrahim Kartal, Şule Yeşil, Özge Vural, Oğuz S Dinçer, Mehmet Ceyhan
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Abstract
Background: Children with cancer have a higher morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Vaccination of children with cancer is important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness and side effects of the COVID-19 vaccines in children and adolescents with cancer.
Methods: Fifty-eight patients from four centers were included in the study. Antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein levels were measured. Vaccine-related complaints were recorded.
Results: There were 33 male and 25 female patients. The mean age was 16.9±2.3 years. In 58.6% of cases, the diagnosis was hematological malignancies. Twenty patients were currently under treatment, while 38 had completed the treatment. Forty-eight patients received chemotherapy ± radiotherapy, 13 received immunotherapy, and 3 underwent stem cell transplantation. CoronoVac© and BNT162b2© vaccines were administered in 24% and 76%, respectively. The mean antibody level was lower in patients who received CoronaVac© than that of BNT162b2©, although the difference was not significant. The levels were within the protective limits in both groups. No significant difference was found in antibody levels according to diagnostic subgroups, treatment status, type of treatment, line of treatment, disease status and time between vaccines and measurement of antibody level. The most common side effects were pain at the injection site (37.9%) and malaise/weakness (17.2%), which were similar for both vaccines.
Conclusions: Our study showed that both mRNA and inactivated vaccines elicit an immune response in children with cancer. However, the seroconversion rate is significantly higher in mRNA vaccines. Side effects were similar to those seen in healthy children.
COVID-19 疫苗对癌症儿童和青少年的安全性和有效性。
背景:癌症儿童因 COVID-19 而发病率和死亡率较高。为癌症儿童接种疫苗非常重要。在这项研究中,我们旨在调查 COVID-19 疫苗对癌症儿童和青少年的有效性和副作用:研究纳入了来自四个中心的 58 名患者。测量SARS-CoV-2尖峰蛋白抗体水平。记录与疫苗相关的主诉:结果:男性患者 33 人,女性患者 25 人。平均年龄为(16.9±2.3)岁。58.6%的病例被诊断为血液恶性肿瘤。20 名患者正在接受治疗,38 名患者已完成治疗。48名患者接受了化疗和放疗,13名患者接受了免疫疗法,3名患者接受了干细胞移植。分别有 24% 和 76% 的患者接种了 CoronoVac© 和 BNT162b2© 疫苗。接种 CoronaVac© 的患者的平均抗体水平低于接种 BNT162b2© 的患者,但差异并不显著。两组患者的抗体水平都在保护范围内。根据诊断分组、治疗状态、治疗类型、治疗方法、疾病状态以及疫苗接种和抗体水平测量之间的时间,抗体水平没有明显差异。最常见的副作用是注射部位疼痛(37.9%)和乏力(17.2%),两种疫苗的副作用相似:我们的研究表明,mRNA 和灭活疫苗都能引起癌症儿童的免疫反应。然而,mRNA 疫苗的血清转换率明显更高。副作用与健康儿童相似。
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