Evaluation of anti-viral photodynamic therapy effects of different concentrations of 5-ALA using light irradiation on HSV-1

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104365

Farhad Farzaneh , Masoud Parsania , Mitra Sadeghpour Natanzi , Negar Parsania , Mohammad Amin Salehi , Sepehr Fekrazad , Hamed Bagheri , Reza Fekrazad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are prevalent worldwide, posing challenges due to asymptomatic carriage and recurrent outbreaks. Conventional treatments, including antiviral medications, are limited by drug resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising alternative, leveraging photosensitizers to induce viral inactivation via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation upon light activation.

Methods

This study investigates the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) as a photosensitizer in antiviral PDT against HSV-1. HSV-1 was treated with varying concentrations of 5-ALA and subjected to light irradiation at a 630 nm wavelength. Virus titers were assessed using the 50 % Tissue Culture Infectious dose (TCID50) assay. Six experimental groups were used: [1] Control (no 5-ALA or light), HSV-1 with 0.05 g/ml 5-ALA and 630 nm light, [2] HSV-1 with 0.05 g/ml 5-ALA (no light), [3] HSV-1 with 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA and light, [4] HSV-1 with 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA (no light), and [5] HSV-1 with light (no 5-ALA).

Results

Virus treatment with 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA combined with light irradiation significantly reduced HSV-1 titer compared to control groups (p < 0.05). Specifically, the virus titer decreased from 10 ^6.3 TCID50/ml in the control group to 10 ^4.5 TCID50/ml in the treated group. However, lower concentrations of 5-ALA or light irradiation alone did not yield significant reductions in HSV-1 titer (p > 0.05). Group 4, receiving 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA with light irradiation, exhibited a significantly greater reduction in virus titer than group 2, receiving 0.05 g/ml 5-ALA with light irradiation (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

5-ALA-mediated PDT demonstrates selective antiviral efficacy against HSV-1, particularly at higher concentrations coupled with light irradiation. These findings underscore the potential of 5-ALA-based PDT as a promising approach for HSV-1 treatment, especially in cases of drug-resistant strains and immunocompromised individuals. Optimization of dosage and treatment protocols is essential for maximizing effectiveness in clinical applications, highlighting the need for further research in this area.

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利用光照射评估不同浓度的 5-ALA 对 HSV-1 的抗病毒光动力疗法效果

背景：单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）感染在全球普遍存在，由于无症状携带和反复爆发，给治疗带来了挑战。包括抗病毒药物在内的传统治疗方法受到耐药性的限制。光动力疗法（PDT）是一种很有前景的替代疗法，它利用光敏剂在光激活时通过产生活性氧（ROS）诱导病毒失活：本研究探讨了 5-aminolevulinic acid（5-ALA）作为光敏剂在抗 HSV-1 的 PDT 中的疗效。用不同浓度的 5-ALA 处理 HSV-1，并对其进行波长为 630 纳米的光照射。使用 50%组织培养感染剂量（TCID50）检测法评估病毒滴度。共使用了六个实验组：[1] 对照组（无 5-ALA 或光）；[2] HSV-1 与 0.05 g/ml 5-ALA 和 630 nm 光；[3] HSV-1 与 0.05 g/ml 5-ALA （无光）；[4] HSV-1 与 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA 和光；[5] HSV-1 与 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA （无光）；[6] HSV-1 与光（无 5-ALA）：结果：与对照组相比，用 0.1 g/ml 5-ALA 结合光照射处理病毒可显著降低 HSV-1 滴度（对照组为 p6.3 TCID50/ml，处理组为 10 4.5 TCID50/ml）。然而，较低浓度的 5-ALA 或单独光照并不能显著降低 HSV-1 滴度（p>0.05）。接受 0.1g/ml 5-ALA 光照射的第 4 组的病毒滴度下降幅度明显高于接受 0.05 g/ml 5-ALA 光照射的第 2 组（p 结论：5-ALA 介导的光照射疗法可显著降低 HSV-1 滴度（p>0.05）：5-ALA 介导的光动力疗法对 HSV-1 具有选择性抗病毒疗效，尤其是在高浓度和光照射的情况下。这些发现强调了基于 5-ALA 的光导光疗作为一种治疗 HSV-1 的有效方法的潜力，尤其是在耐药菌株和免疫力低下的人群中。优化剂量和治疗方案对于在临床应用中最大限度地提高疗效至关重要，这凸显了在这一领域开展进一步研究的必要性。

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来源期刊

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

24.20%

发文量

509

审稿时长

50 days

期刊介绍： Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy is an international journal for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and clinical developments of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy in all medical specialties. The journal publishes original articles, review articles, case presentations, "how-to-do-it" articles, Letters to the Editor, short communications and relevant images with short descriptions. All submitted material is subject to a strict peer-review process.